Identification of Anisakis species (Nematoda: Anisakidae) in marine fish hosts from Papua New Guinea

Abstract

23The third-stage larvae of several genera of anisakid nematodes are important etiological 24 agents for zoonotic human anisakiasis. The present study investigated the prevalence of potentially 33The overall prevalence of larvae was low (7.6%) and no recognised zoonotic Anisakis species were 34 identified, suggesting a very low threat of anisakiasis in PNG.

Occurrence and prevalence of fish-borne Anisakis larvae in the spotted mackerel Scomber australasicus from Taiwanese waters

“…Clustering of the A. physeteris complex within a single clade according to the ITS phylogeny, is consistent with previously reported phylogenetic trees using mitochondrial cox2 and allozyme data (Koinari et al, 2013;Murata et al, 2011). In addition, A. physeteris seems to share a common ancestor with A. brevispiculata.…”

Anisakis (Nematoda: Ascaridoidea) from Indonesia

“…indonesiensis, a geno type for the first time reported from Auxis rochei rochei, Caesio cuning, Coryphaena hippurus and Epinephelus areolatus from Indonesia by Palm et al (2008). It was recently described also from Papua New Guinea (Koinari et al 2013), Sulawesi, Java and Bali, Indonesia (Kuhn et al 2013, Anshary et al 2014, Kleinertz et al 2014a) under different names, having a distinct 4 bp difference (the same range as re corded for the siblings A. simplex (s.s.) and A. berlandi as well as A. pegreffii). Multiple marker studies combined with morphological investigation of the adults must test whether this difference distinguishes a dis-tinct species or is a matter of intraspecific variability.…”

“…The most frequent genotype was distinguishable by 4 positions in the ITS-1 region, a genetic distance similar to the one between the 2 valid species A. simplex (s.s.) and A. berlandi . Since its first record, this genotype was also reported by Koinari et al (2013), Kuhn et al (2013), Anshary et al (2014) and Kleinertz et al (2014a), under the names A. typica, Anisakis sp. 1, 2 or I and II.…”

“…They were compared manually with the original chromatograms, identified via GenBank and aligned with a previously characterized sequence (GenBank) data of Ansiakis spp., and with 125 previously identified Anisakis sequences from Indonesia (see , Koinari et al 2013, Kuhn et al 2013, Anshary et al 2014, Kleinertz et al 2014a) using ClustalW (v. 1.83) multiple sequence alignments (settings: full multiple alignment, gap penalties default) (Thompson et al 1994). They were then aligned with sequences from other Anisakis species from GenBank for species and genotype identification as follows: A. typica (s.s.) from the spinner dolphin Stenella longirostris from Brazil (AY826724; see Nadler et al 2005), A. simplex C, now A. berlandi from Mirounga angustirostris from California (AY 821739; see Nadler et al 2005), A. pegreffii and A. physeteris from mackerels from Japan (AB277823 and AB277821 respectively; see Umehara et al 2008), and Anisakis sp.…”

Intestinal anisakidosis: Histopathological findings and differential diagnosis

“…Anisakidosis is a human infection caused by the ingestion of raw, undercooked or not adequately salted, pickled, or smoked fish containing larval nematodes of the Anisakis species [1][2][3][4].…”