Identification of an Endocrine Disrupting Agent from Corn with Mitogenic Activity

Markaverich, Barry M.; Alejandro, Mary A.; Markaverich, David; Zitzow, Lois A.; Casajuna, Nancy; Camarao, Nathan; Hill, Jamal; Bhirdo, Ken; Faith, Robert E.; Turk, John; Crowley, Jan R.

doi:10.1006/bbrc.2002.6499

Cited by 50 publications

(80 citation statements)

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“…We do not know if early phytoestrogen exposure in rats reared on corncob bedding may be contributing to altered development of the stress-axis and the observed anxiolytic phenotype; however, this is a strong possibility. Phytoestrogens (and the active component, tetrahydrofurandiols) can alter estrogen signaling and estrogen receptor (ER) alpha neuronal expression proles and may be directly ingested by animals or potentially indirectly absorbed trans-dermally through contact with bedding [23,25,49]. While tetrahydrofurandiols do not bind ER alpha, it has been shown to inuence ER levels in the brain and alter behavior by an unknown mechanism of action [23,49].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Phytoestrogens (and the active component, tetrahydrofurandiols) can alter estrogen signaling and estrogen receptor (ER) alpha neuronal expression proles and may be directly ingested by animals or potentially indirectly absorbed trans-dermally through contact with bedding [23,25,49]. While tetrahydrofurandiols do not bind ER alpha, it has been shown to inuence ER levels in the brain and alter behavior by an unknown mechanism of action [23,49]. Notably, developmental exposure to estrogens (and progestins) has been shown to inuence anxiety-like behavior in male and female rodents, acting as an anxiolytic [50][51][52][53].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of housing variables on the development of stress-sensitive behaviors in the rat

Sakhai

Preslik

Francis

2013

Physiology & Behavior

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• Laboratory bedding material inuences developmental programming of rats.• Bedding material during early life can alter stress sensitive measures in adulthood.• Corncob bedding during sensitive periods decreases adult measures of anxiety.• Bedding material during adulthood does not affect adult anxiety-like behavior. Diverse environments early in mammalian life can have profound inuences on the physiology and behavior of developing offspring. Environmental factors can inuence offspring development directly or through perturbations in parental care. In the current study, we wished to determine if the inuence of a single environmental variable, type of bedding material used in laboratory cages, is capable of altering physiological and behavioral outcomes in offspring. Female rats were housed in cages containing wood pulp or corncob bedding and allowed to mature. These rats, while housed on assigned bedding material, were bred and allowed to give birth. At weaning, male offspring were housed on one of the two bedding conditions and tested later in adulthood on stress-sensitive behavioral measures. Postmortem analysis of glucocorticoid receptor expression and CRH mRNA levels were also measured. Maternal care directed at the pups reared in the two different bedding conditions was also recorded. Rats reared from birth on corncob bedding exhibited decreased anxiety-like behavior, as adults, in both open eld and light-dark box tasks compared to wood pulp reared animals. Animals that received similar overall levels of maternal care, regardless of bedding condition, also differed in anxiety-like behaviors as adults, indicating that the bedding condition is capable of altering phenotype independent of maternal care. Despite observed behavioral differences in adult offspring reared in different bedding conditions, no changes in glucocorticoid receptor expression at the level of the hippocampus, frontal cortex, or corticotrophin releasing hormone (CRH) mRNA expression in the hypothalamus were observed between groups. These results highlight the importance of early life housing variables in programming stress-sensitive behaviors in adult offspring. a b s t r a c t a r t i c l e i n f oPublished by Elsevier Inc.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of housing variables on the development of stress-sensitive behaviors in the rat

Sakhai

Preslik

Francis

2013

Physiology & Behavior

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“…Peak I was identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) as an isomeric mixture of 9,12-oxy-10,13-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid and 10,13-oxy-9,12-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acid (tetrahydrofurandiols, THF-diols). Similar to the corncob extract, synthetic THF-diol stimulated MCF-7 human breast cancer cell proliferation in vitro [1], did not bind ER or the nuclear type II [ 3 H]estradiol binding sites and blocked sexual behavior in male and female rats [4] at a very low dose (~0.30 mg/kg body weight/day). The second mitogenic HPLC peak of mitogenic activity was subsequently identified as 9,10-dihydroxy-12-octadecenoic acid (leukotoxin diol; LTX-diol), a well-known leukotoxin [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Genes regulated by THF-diol treatment were identified by comparing the mRNA expression pattern of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells treated with EtOH or THF-diol at a 8 μg/ml, a level previously shown to stimulate MCF-7 cells [1]. Microarray analysis utilizing the HG_U133 Plus 2.0 chips was performed as described in Materials and Methods.…”

Section: Microarray Hybridization Analysis Of Thf-diol Effects On Genmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The corncob bedding commonly used to house rats and mice has an adverse effect on their reproductive functions [1,2]. Our laboratory extracted and identified a mitogen from corncob, also detected in commercially available fresh corn and corn tortillas, which blocks adult male rat sexual behavior (including reduced mounting and intromission frequencies, increased mount, intromission, and ejaculatory latencies and a diminished ejaculatory response) [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Regulation of the nitric oxide pathway genes by tetrahydrofurandiols: Microarray analysis of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells

et al. 2008

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THF-diols (9,12-oxy-10,13-dihydroxyoctadecanoic and 10,13-oxy-9,12-dihydroxyoctadecanoic acids) are endocrine disrupters in rats and mitogens in breast cancer cells. Microarray analyses and real-time PCR analyses on RNA from THF-treated MCF-7 cells revealed a number of genes (Caveolin 1, Heat Shock Protein 90α and 90β, vascular endothelial growth factor, ATPase, Ca++ transporting, ubiquitous) in the Nitric Oxide Pathway (NOP) were targets for THF-diols. Chromatin immunoprecipitation studies suggest THF-diols modify of histone H4 acetylation at the Caveolin 1 promoter via an epigenetic mechanism. These findings are consistent with the well-known involvement of NOP genes in cell proliferation and sexual behavior.

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Edible Oils, Microbial Modification Processes

Hosokawa

Hou

2010

Encyclopedia of Industrial Biotechnology

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The United States produces a huge amount of vegetable oils, principally soybean oil (18 billion pounds of soybean oil with 1 billion pound carry over annually). Finding new uses for the huge surplus of vegetable oil is important to the US agriculture community. However, studies on oil biotechnology and bioprocesses are relatively rare. Microorganisms oxidize fatty acids either at the terminal carbon or inside the acyl chain. Oxygenated (hydroxy‐, epoxy‐) fatty acids such as ricinoleic, vernolic and/or sebacic acids are high value chemicals and can be used to produce polymers and specialty chemicals. Oxygenated fatty acids also have many bioactive properties, such as antimicrobial activity against Salmonella , Staphylococcus , and plant pathogenic fungi. The specific physiological activity of bioactive fatty acids depends on the position of the hydroxyl groups on the fatty acyl chain. This article reviews the production of hydroxyl and keto fatty acids, and novel oxygenated fatty acids from essential fatty acids such as oleic acid, linoleic acid and other ω‐6 and ω‐3 PUFAs derived from edible plant and fish oils by the microbial bioconversion system. We also review the monooxygenase system of Bacillus megaterium ALA2 gene, a self‐sufficient P450 BM−3 .

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Identification of an Endocrine Disrupting Agent from Corn with Mitogenic Activity

Cited by 50 publications

References 19 publications

Influence of housing variables on the development of stress-sensitive behaviors in the rat

Influence of housing variables on the development of stress-sensitive behaviors in the rat

Regulation of the nitric oxide pathway genes by tetrahydrofurandiols: Microarray analysis of MCF-7 human breast cancer cells

Edible Oils, Microbial Modification Processes

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