Identification of additional sources of resistance to Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei (PSH) in a collection of barley genotypes adapted to the high input condition

Abstract

A total of 336 barley genotypes consisting of released cultivars, advanced lines, differentials and local landraces from the ICARDA barley breeding programme were screened for seedling and adult‐plant resistances to barley stripe rust pathogen (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei [PSH]). Seedling resistance tests were undertaken at Shimla, India by inoculating 336 barley genotypes with five prevalent PSH races [Q (5S0), 24 (0S0‐1), 57 (0S0), M (1S0) and G (4S0)] in India. Barley genotypes were also evaluated at the adult‐plant stage for stripe rust resistance at Durgapura (Rajasthan, India) in 2013 and 2014, and at Karnal (Haryana, India) in 2014 under artificial PSH infection in fields, using a mixture of the five races. Twelve barley genotypes (ARAMIR/COSSACK, Astrix, C8806, C9430, CLE 202, Gold, Gull, Isaria, Lechtaler, Piroline, Stirling, and Trumpf) were resistant to all five PSH races at the seedling and adult‐plant stages. Two of these genotypes, Astrix and Trumpf, were part of international differentials and reveal that five races were avirulent to genes Rps4 (yr4), rpsAst, rpsTr1 and rpsTr2. These genes were highly effective against PSH races prevalent in India. The virulence/avirulence formula reported in this study helped to determine the effectiveness of PSH resistance genes against Indian races. Forty‐five genotypes showed adult‐stage plant resistance (APR) in the field. The identified PSH resistant genotypes may possess novel resistance genes and might serve as potential donors of PSH resistance at seedling and APR in the future. Further research is needed to determine the nature of resistance genes through allelic studies and mapping of these genes.

Genome Wide Association Mapping of Seedling and Adult Plant Resistance to Barley Stripe Rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. hordei) in India

“…The statistical analysis of the phenotypic data collected has been already reported by Verma et al ( 2018 ), while the reaction type of barley genotypes at SRT and APS are summarized in Table 1 . The results showed that the genotypes of HI-AM panel were resistant to races 24 (54.8%) and M (62 %), followed by race G (47.5%), while for the races 57 (31.4%), and Q (16.5%).…”

“…For APS resistance, we observed variation in rust severity in the two seasons in Durgapura ( Dg13 vs. Dg14 ), however, the range of field reaction was higher at Durgapura as compared to Karnal ( Kr14 ). Durgapura is an optimal location for rust screening due to relatively less severe winter favoring faster stripe rust development (Verma et al, 2018 ), while, Karnal station with severe winters sometimes experience delayed strip rust development with less secondary spread. However, the susceptible check Bilara-2 showed high severy with susceptible reaction at both locations indicating that there is no escape and it was possible to select resistant genotypes at both locations.…”

“…Furthermore, with more than 70 Psh races identified (Hovmøller, 2002 ) a better understanding of the genetic control of quantitative resistance is of crucial importance and breeding would be more effective if based on extensive knowledge of the resistance genes/QTL (Gutiérrez et al, 2015 ). A previuous study performed by Verma et al ( 2018 ), using the same germplasm, identified accessions carrying already know resistance genes and Psh resistant genotypes to all the five races that may possess novel resistance genes. The current study was undertaken to identify QTL effective against Psh individual races at seedling stage and QTL for quantitative resistance in field globally and especially for South Asia where annual recurrence of stripe rust from the Himalayas is a big challenge.…”

Evaluation of fungicides for the management of stripe rust (Puccinia Striiformis f.sp. hordei) of barley

“…The crop is affected by many fungal, bacterial and viral diseases and amongst them the stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f.sp. hordei) is a major biotic factor limiting barley production especially in the northwestern plains and northern hills of India (Verma et al, 2018). Vaish et al (2011) reported stripe rust as the most destructive disease resulting in 66% yield loss on susceptible cultivars in the trans-Himalayan region of India.…”

Identification of yellow rust resistance sources in advanced breeding lines of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

“…Earlier, 336 barley genotypes from ICARDA were evaluated against Indian Psh pathotype both at seedling and adult-plant stages. Of the total, 12 barley genotypes (ARAMIR/COSSACK, Astrix, C8806, C9430, CLE202, Gold, Gull, Isaria, Lechtaler, Piroline, Stirling, and Trumpf) were resistant to six Psh pathotypes (24, 57, M, G, Q and 6S0) both at the seedling and adultplant stages (Verma et al, 2018;Gyawali et al, 2018).…”