Identification of active compounds and antifungal activity of Toona sinensis leaves fractions against wood rot fungi

Abstract

Elfirta RR, Falah S, Andrianto D, Lastini T. 2018. Identification of active compounds and antifungal activity of Toona sinensisleaves fractions against wood rot fungi. Biodiversitas 19: 1313-1318. Inhibitory activities of surian or toon (Toona sinensis) leavesfraction origin Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia against wood rot fungi (Ganoderma boninense IPBCC 10.658, Trametes versicolorInaCC F200, and Phanerochaete chrysosporium IPBCC 93.259) were studied. The samples were macerated using methanol andacetone. The results of brine shrimp lethality test (BSLT) showed that the methanol extract had the highest cytotoxicity of LC50 at 29.76μg/mL and inhibit the growth of G. boninense (27.78%), T. versicolor (79.26%) and P. chrysosporium (81.11%). The methanol extractwas then subsequently fractionated using n-hexane, diethyl ether, and ethyl acetate respectively. The diethyl ether fraction was found tohave the highest inhibitory activity against T. versicolor (46.30%) and P. chrysosporium (81.11%). This fraction was further separatedusing column chromatography and analyzed using thin layer chromatography (TLC), which gave six fractions. Antifungal test exhibitedthat fraction 5 had the highest antifungal properties against T. versicolor (74.07%) and P. chrysosporium (80.37%). Inhibition of P.chrysosporium resulted in abnormal growth of hyphae morphology as indicated by changes in its growth direction and excessive hyphaebranching. Additionally, the results of LC-MS/MS experiment indicated toon leaves fraction 5 which contains N-[2- (DGlucopyranosyloxy)ethyl]-2-hydroxy-N-[2hydroxy3 (octadecyloxy) propyl] butanamide dan Brucine compounds that were regarded as theantifungal compounds.

Antimicrobial Study of Chloroform Fraction from the Leaves of Entada spiralis Ridl.

“…Meanwhile, in semipolar -polar extract of fraction DCM/MeOH (9/1) has more bioactive compounds such as sterol, phenol, flavonoid, and alkaloid (Widyawati, 2014). In Semipolarpolar extract of DCM/MeOH (9/1) may also have polar properties such as alkaloid, phenolic, saponin, carotenoid, tannin, amino acid, and glycoside (Elfirta, 2018).…”

Wet coffee processing waste as an alternative to produce extracts with antifungal activity: In vitro and in vivo valorization

“…de Rodríguez et al (2017) stated that the mechanism of phenols against fungal pathogens is related with enzymatic inhibition through its oxidation. The presence of hydroxyl groups in phenolic compounds could link with sulphydryl groups in fungal proteins, changing the protein conformation of the cell wall (Elfirta et al, 2018).…”

“…Wang et al (2016) demonstrated that caffeine destroys the fungal protective layers (cell wall and cell membrane) and subcellular organelles. Also, a synergistic or complementary effect between phenolic compounds may occur, so that the effect of these interactions could be very useful in the fight against pathogens (de Rodríguez et al, 2017;Elfirta et al, 2018).…”

Calophyllum inophyllum extract as a natural enhancer for improving physical properties of bioplastics and natural antimicrobial

“…So far, tannins and amide were known to have antimicrobial activities against bacteria, fungi, and other pathogens (Shahat and Marzouk 2013). Tannin has hydroxyl groups and double bond α-β that were responsible for its antimicrobial properties (Elfirta et al 2018). The presence of tannins and amides in NCE (Figures 1 and 2) was expected as an antimicrobial agent that can be used in bioplastics.…”