Identification of a T cell chemotactic factor in the cerebrospinal fluid of HIV-1-infected individuals as interferon-γ inducible protein 10

CCL2/Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 Mediates Enhanced Transmigration of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-Infected Leukocytes across the Blood–Brain Barrier: A Potential Mechanism of HIV–CNS Invasion and NeuroAIDS

“…CCL2 is a chemoattractant for monocytes and binds to the CCR2 receptor (Rollins, 1996). Elevated levels of CCL2, CCL5, and CXCL10 have been detected in the brain and CSF of patients with HIVE and HAD (Conant et al, 1998;Kelder et al, 1998;Kolb et al, 1999;McManus et al, 2000a), suggesting that glial cells and EC, major sources of chemokines, may play a key role in the recruitment of uninfected and HIV-infected leukocytes into the CNS. In this study, we used different HIV isolates to determine whether infection of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) alters their transmigration properties across our model of the BBB.…”

Chronic CXCL10 alters the level of activated ERK1/2 and transcriptional factors CREB and NF-κB in hippocampal neuronal cell culture

“…The CXC chemokine ligand 10 (CXCL10) is thought to play an important role in neuroinflammatory diseases and its action may involve neuronal cells (van Marle et al, 2004). During CNS neuroinflammation expression of CXCL10 is elevated several fold (Franciotta et al, 2001;Kieseier et al, 2002;Kolb et al, 1999;Letendre et al, 1999;Sorensen et al, 1999;Xia et al, 2000) and occurs in a variety of CNS cells including astrocytes, microglia, and neurons (Asensio and Campbell, 1999;Carter et al, 2007;Kutsch et al, 2000;Ransohoff et al, 1993;Rossi and Zlotnik, 2000;Shen et al, 2006;Simpson et al, 2000;Wang et al, 1998).…”

Efficient T-Cell Surveillance of the CNS Requires Expression of the CXC Chemokine Receptor 3

“…CXCL10 has been found in the CSF of patients with viral meningitis (Lahrtz et al, 1997;Kolb et al, 1999) and MS (Sorensen et al, 1999;Franciotta et al, 2001). Furthermore, cells positive for CXCL10 has been detected in large numbers in active MS and EAE lesions (Balashov et al, 1999;Sorensen et al, 1999;Simpson et al, 2000).…”