Identification of a sex pheromone from a rotifer

Snell, Terry W.; Rico‐Martínez, Roberto; Kelly, L.; Battle, T. E.

doi:10.1007/bf00353626

Cited by 75 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This chemical, called a mate-recognition pheromone (MRP), has been isolated in B. plicatilis and characterized as a 29 kD glycoprotein concentrated in the female corona (Snell et al, 1988(Snell et al, , 1995Snell, 1998). Recognition of the MRP by a male should depend on the chemical structure of the MRP and the male contact receptors.…”

Section: Mating Behavior In Brachionusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brachionus calyciflorus is a Species Complex: Mating Behavior and Genetic Differentiation Among Four Geographically Isolated Strains

Gilbert

Walsh

2005

Hydrobiologia

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Four geographic strains of B. calyciflorus are investigated regarding their genetic similarity and ability to cross-mate. DNA sequence analysis of the mitochondrial cox1 gene (694 bp) and the nuclear ribosomal ITS region (735 bp) showed that the Florida and Georgia strains were very similar to each other (0.3% sequence divergence for the 1429 bp) and different from the Texas and Australia strains ($7% and 9% sequence divergence for the 1429 bp, respectively). Consistent with this genetic relatedness, cross-copulation occurred only between the Florida and Georgia strains. Thus, B. calyciflorus is a complex of cryptic species. While the Florida, Texas and Australia strains were reproductively isolated from one another, most combinations of cross-strain mating tests showed intense and prolonged male circling behavior following male-female encounters. This suggests that precopulatory male circling and copulation are two separate behaviors that may be controlled by different female chemicals and male coronal receptors. In some cross-strain mating tests, females regularly retracted their corona when circled by a male, indicating that they can recognize ÔforeignÕ males and actively interfere with copulation.

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Section: Mating Behavior In Brachionusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brachionus calyciflorus is a Species Complex: Mating Behavior and Genetic Differentiation Among Four Geographically Isolated Strains

Gilbert

Walsh

2005

Hydrobiologia

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“…Rotifers spin when contacting the female (Snell et al 1995). Shrimps spin when losing the food trail (Hamner & Hamner 1977).…”

Section: (D) Chemically Mediated Behaviour In Trail-following Copepodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fluid physics of signal perception by mate-tracking copepods

Yen

Weissburg

Doall

1998

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

110

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Within laboratory-induced swarms of the marine copepod Temora longicornis, the male exhibits chemically mediated trail-following behaviour, concluding with £uid mechanical provocation of the mate-capture response.The location and structure of the invisible trail were determined by examining the speci¢c behaviour of the female copepods creating the signal, the response of the male to her signal, and the £uid physics of signal persistence. Using the distance of the mate-tracking male from the ageing trail of the female, we estimated that the molecular di¡usion coe¤cient of the putative pheromonal stimulant was 2.7 Â10 À5 cm 2 s À1 , or 1000 times slower than the di¡usion of momentum. Estimates of signal strength levels, using calculations of di¡usive properties of odour trails and attenuation rates of £uid mechanical signals, were compared to the physiological and behavioural threshold detection levels. Males ¢nd trails because of strong across-plume chemical gradients; males sometimes go the wrong way because of weak along-plume gradients; males lose the trail when the female hops because of signal dilution; and mate-capture behaviour is elicited by suprathreshold £ow signals. The male is stimulated by the female odour to accelerate along the trail to catch up with her, and the boundary layer separating the signal from the chemosensitive receptors along the copepod antennule thins. Di¡usion times, and hence reaction times, shorten and behavioural orientation responses can proceed more quickly. While`perceptive' distance to the odour signal in the trail or the £uid mechanical signal from the female remains within 1^2 body lengths (55 mm), the`reactive' distance between males and females was an order of magnitude larger. Therefore, when nearest-neighbour distances are 5 cm or less, as in swarms of 10 4 copepods m À3 , mating events are facilitated. The strong similarity in the structure of mating trails and vortex tubes (isotropic, millimetre^centimetre scale, 10:1 aspect ratio, 10 s persistence), indicates that these trails are constrained by the same physical forces that in£uence water motion in a low Reynolds number £uid regime, where viscosity limits forces to the molecular scale. The exploratory reaches of mating trails appear inscribed within Kolmogorov eddies and may represent a measure of eddy size. Biologically formed mating trails, however, are distinct in their £ow velocity and chemical composition from common small-scale turbulent features; and mechanoreceptive and chemoreceptive copepods use their senses to discriminate these di¡erences. Zooplankton are not aimless wanderers in a featureless environment. Their ambit is replete with clues that guide them in their e¡orts for survival in the ocean.

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“…Thus, the glycoproteins responsible for mate recognition within species of Coullana may be glycosylated with some monosaccharides from this group. The isolated glycoprotein of Brachionus plicatilus also contained N-acetylglucosamine subunits (Snell et al 1995;Snell & Rico-Martinez 1996).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of contact chemical signals on mate recognition in an harpacticoid copepod

Frey

Lonsdale

Snell

1998

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B

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Among copepods, reproduction is facilitated by a combination of sensory modalities, such as mechano-and chemoreception. The role of chemical communication in copepod mate recognition was assessed using behavioural bioassays that were based on precopulatory behaviours of an estuarine harpacticoid, Coullana canadensis, and the sibling species Coullana sp. Intra-and interspeci¢c crosses demonstrated that males recognize genetically distinct conspeci¢c and heterospeci¢c females, indicating that prezygotic isolation remains incomplete. There was no association between the frequency of mate-guarding behaviour and geographic distance between populations of C. canadensis. However, reduced levels of interspeci¢c mate guarding relative to intraspeci¢c frequencies suggest the existence of a species-speci¢c mate-recognition system. Lectins, which possess strong a¤nities for speci¢c carbohydrate groups, were used to con¢rm that glycoproteins on the surface of females function as mate-recognition factors. Information regarding the chemical composition of these molecules was derived from observed e¡ects of lectin binding to females on male mate-guarding behaviour. Mate guarding was inhibited within all tested populations when treated withTriticum vulgaris, a lectin that possesses an a¤nity for carbohydrates of the N-acetylglucosamine group. Surface glycoproteins responsible for mate recognition in the two species of Coullana may be glycosylated with monosaccharides from this group. Di¡erential responses to lectin treatments suggested that composition of the contact chemical cues vary among populations of C. canadensis and between species. Yet, populations that appeared most similar based on shared lectin responses successfully discriminated against each other in mate-selection experiments. These ¢ndings indicate that contact chemical cues probably act in concert with additional factors to promote e¡ective mate recognition and thereby contribute to reproductive success.

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Identification of a sex pheromone from a rotifer

Cited by 75 publications

References 35 publications

Brachionus calyciflorus is a Species Complex: Mating Behavior and Genetic Differentiation Among Four Geographically Isolated Strains

Brachionus calyciflorus is a Species Complex: Mating Behavior and Genetic Differentiation Among Four Geographically Isolated Strains

The fluid physics of signal perception by mate-tracking copepods

The influence of contact chemical signals on mate recognition in an harpacticoid copepod

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