Identification of a novel RNA silencing suppressor, NSs protein of <i>Tomato spotted wilt virus</i>

Takeda, Atsushi; Sakamoto, Kazuhiko; Nagano, Hideaki; Mori, Masashi; Kaido, Masanori; Mise, Kazuyuki; Tsuda, Shinya; Okuno, Tetsuro

doi:10.1016/s0014-5793(02)03632-3

Cited by 304 publications

(235 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This is consistent with the finding that TGBp1 inactivates SGS3/RDR6-mediated dsRNA synthesis because SGS3 and RDR6 are only involved in S-RNAi, but AGO1 and DCL4 are involved in both S-RNAi and IR-RNAi. Several examples of VSRs, such as p69 encoded by turnip yellow mosaic tymovirus and NSs encoded by tomato spotted wilt tospovirus, suppress S-RNAi but not IR-RNAi, suggesting that these VSRs may target SGS3 and/or RDR6 (Takeda et al, 2002;Chen et al, 2004). Such suppression of SGS3/ RDR6-mediated dsRNA synthesis resulting in the production of secondary siRNAs may be beneficial for plant virus infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Planta Recognition of a Double-Stranded RNA Synthesis Protein Complex by a Potexviral RNA Silencing Suppressor

et al. 2014

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RNA silencing plays an important antiviral role in plants and invertebrates. To counteract antiviral RNA silencing, most plant viruses have evolved viral suppressors of RNA silencing (VSRs). TRIPLE GENE BLOCK PROTEIN1 (TGBp1) of potexviruses is a well-characterized VSR, but the detailed mechanism by which it suppresses RNA silencing remains unclear. We demonstrate that transgenic expression of TGBp1 of plantago asiatica mosaic virus (PlAMV) induced developmental abnormalities in Arabidopsis thaliana similar to those observed in mutants of SUPPRESSOR OF GENE SILENCING3 (SGS3) and RNA-DEPENDENT RNA POLYMERASE6 (RDR6) required for the trans-acting small interfering RNA synthesis pathway. PlAMV-TGBp1 inhibits SGS3/ RDR6-dependent double-stranded RNA synthesis in the trans-acting small interfering RNA pathway. TGBp1 interacts with SGS3 and RDR6 and coaggregates with SGS3/RDR6 bodies, which are normally dispersed in the cytoplasm. In addition, TGBp1 forms homooligomers, whose formation coincides with TGBp1 aggregation with SGS3/RDR6 bodies. These results reveal the detailed molecular function of TGBp1 as a VSR and shed new light on the SGS3/RDR6-dependent double-stranded RNA synthesis pathway as another general target of VSRs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Planta Recognition of a Double-Stranded RNA Synthesis Protein Complex by a Potexviral RNA Silencing Suppressor

et al. 2014

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“…The rapid adaptation of TSWV to pepper resistance and breakdown of the Tsw resistance gene facilitated the determination of the avr factor (avr) of TSWV, and the study of the evolutionary aspects of emergence of new strains [15,[20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. However, contradictory results, lacking information and methodological difficulties hinder or delay advances in these questions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Virus Genes 123 resistance in tomato was localized to NSm gene/protein of TSWV that has a role in virus movement [37], while in the case of Tsw gene, the NSs protein was identified as the avr factor. The role of the NSs protein as a suppressor of the post transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) was proved by various research groups [21,22]. Although there are TSWV strains that are able to break resistance in tomato as well as in pepper, but the two functions are independent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogenetic analysis of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) NSs protein demonstrates the isolated emergence of resistance-breaking strains in pepper

et al. 2014

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Resurgence of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) worldwide as well as in Hungary causing heavy economic losses directed the attention to the factors contributing to the outbreak of this serious epidemics. The introgression of Tsw resistance gene into various pepper cultivars seemed to solve TSWV control, but widely used resistant pepper cultivars bearing the same, unique resistance locus evoked the rapid emergence of resistancebreaking (RB) TSWV strains. In Hungary, the sporadic appearance of RB strains in pepper-producing region was first observed in 2010-2011, but in 2012 it was detected frequently. Previously, the non-structural protein (NSs) encoded by small RNA (S RNA) of TSWV was verified as the avirulence factor for Tsw resistance, therefore we analyzed the S RNA of the Hungarian RB and wild type (WT) isolates and compared to previously analyzed TSWV strains with RB properties from different geographical origins. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrated that the different RB strains had the closest relationship with the local WT isolates and there is no conserved mutation present in all the NSs genes of RB isolates from different geographical origins. According to these results, we concluded that the RB isolates evolved separately in geographic point of view, and also according to the RB mechanism.

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“…A recent work suggests that p25 acts downstream of dsRNA synthesis by a specific inhibition of the production of the longer siRNA species of 24 to 26 nucleotides (Hamilton et al, 2002). However, the recently described NSs protein of tomato spotted wilt virus (Takeda et al, 2002) may be mechanistically similar to p69.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Virulence Protein Suppresses RNA Silencing–Mediated Defense but Upregulates the Role of MicroRNA in Host Gene Expression[W]

et al. 2004

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Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and microRNAs (miRNAs) are processed by the ribonuclease Dicer from distinct precursors, double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and hairpin RNAs, respectively, although either may guide RNA silencing via a similar complex. The siRNA pathway is antiviral, whereas an emerging role for miRNAs is in the control of development. Here, we describe a virulence factor encoded by turnip yellow mosaic virus, p69, which suppresses the siRNA pathway but promotes the miRNA pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana. p69 suppression of the siRNA pathway is upstream of dsRNA and is as effective as genetic mutations in A. thaliana genes involved in dsRNA production. Possibly as a consequence of p69 suppression, p69-expressing plants contained elevated levels of a Dicer mRNA and of miRNAs as well as a correspondingly enhanced miRNA-guided cleavage of two host mRNAs. Because p69-expressing plants exhibited disease-like symptoms in the absence of viral infection, our findings suggest a novel mechanism for viral virulence by promoting the miRNA-guided inhibition of host gene expression.

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Identification of a novel RNA silencing suppressor, NSs protein of Tomato spotted wilt virus

Cited by 304 publications

References 34 publications

In Planta Recognition of a Double-Stranded RNA Synthesis Protein Complex by a Potexviral RNA Silencing Suppressor

In Planta Recognition of a Double-Stranded RNA Synthesis Protein Complex by a Potexviral RNA Silencing Suppressor

Phylogenetic analysis of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) NSs protein demonstrates the isolated emergence of resistance-breaking strains in pepper

Viral Virulence Protein Suppresses RNA Silencing–Mediated Defense but Upregulates the Role of MicroRNA in Host Gene Expression[W]

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