Identification of a novel lineage of Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in dromedary camels, United Arab Emirates

Khalafalla, Abdelmalik I.; Li, Yan; Uehara, Anna; Hussein, Nasareldien A; Zhang, Jing; Tao, Ying; Bergeron, Éric; Ibrahim, Ibrahim H.; Hosani, Mohamed A Al; Yusof, Mohd Faoruk Bin Mohd; Al-Hammadi, Zulaikha Mohamed Abdel-Hameed; Alyammahi, Saeed M; Gasim, Esmat F; Ishag, Hassan Zackaria Ali; Hosani, Farida Al; Gerber, Susan I.; Almuhairi, Salama S; Tong, Suxiang

doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001473

Cited by 14 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Another report confirmed the isolation of CCHFV on cell culture from ticks collected from imported animals and showed fatal effects on experimental animals [ 5 ]. The virus detected in this study showed high similarity (96.88–99.67 to the CCHFV strains identified from samples collected from camels, suggesting that camels could be a potential reservoir of CCHFV [ 11 ]. In this study, yet another nairovirus, TOV, was identified for the first time in the Arabian Peninsula.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, camels have been associated with the transmission of several viral diseases to humans. KADV, AHFV, CCHFV, Tamdy virus (TOV) and MERS are associated with camels [ 3 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. For instance, Hemida et al found that 90% of camel populations were MERS-CoV seropositive [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, Hemida et al found that 90% of camel populations were MERS-CoV seropositive [ 13 ]. Recently, a novel lineage of CCHFV has been identified in the nasopharyngeal samples collected from camels in the United Arab Emirates [ 11 ]. Dromedary camels are also associated with prions and severe forms of neurodegenerative prion disease [ 14 ] as well as several bacterial pathogens [ 9 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Viral RNA Metagenomics of Hyalomma Ticks Collected from Dromedary Camels in Makkah Province, Saudi Arabia

Zakham

Albalawi

Alanazi

et al. 2021

Viruses

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Arthropod-borne infections are a medical and economic threat to humans and livestock. Over the last three decades, several unprecedented viral outbreaks have been recorded in the Western part of the Arabian Peninsula. However, little is known about the circulation and diversity of arthropod-borne viruses in this region. To prepare for new outbreaks of vector-borne diseases, it is important to detect which viruses circulate in each vector population. In this study, we used a metagenomics approach to characterize the RNA virome of ticks infesting dromedary camels (Camelus dromedaries) in Makkah province, Saudi Arabia. Two hundred ticks of species Hyalomma dromedarii (n = 196) and Hyalomma impeltatum (n = 4) were collected from the Alkhurma district in Jeddah and Al-Taif city. Virome analysis showed the presence of several tick-specific viruses and tick-borne viruses associated with severe illness in humans. Some were identified for the first time in the Arabian Peninsula. The human disease-associated viruses detected included Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic fever virus and Tamdy virus (family Nairoviridae), Guertu virus (family Phenuiviridae), and a novel coltivirus that shares similarities with Tarumizu virus, Tai forest reovirus and Kundal virus (family Reoviridae). Furthermore, Alkhurma hemorrhagic virus (Flaviviridae) was detected in two tick pools by specific qPCR. In addition, tick-specific viruses in families Phenuiviridae (phleboviruses), Iflaviridae, Chuviridae, Totiviridae and Flaviviridae (Pestivirus) were detected. The presence of human pathogenetic viruses warrants further efforts in tick surveillance, xenosurveillence, vector control, and sero-epidemiological investigations in human and animal populations to predict, contain and mitigate future outbreaks in the region.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Viral RNA Metagenomics of Hyalomma Ticks Collected from Dromedary Camels in Makkah Province, Saudi Arabia

Zakham

Albalawi

Alanazi

et al. 2021

Viruses

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“…To our knowledge, CCHFV with the Africa lineage M segment has never been found outside Africa except for Spain [ 29 ]. In addition, there are no reports of African CCHFV with the Asian-origin S or L segment, whereas the viruses with the African-origin S segment have been detected in Russia and United Arab Emirates [ 30 ]. The mechanism underlying the high frequency of M segment reassortment compared to the S and L segments is totally unclear.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serologic and molecular evidence for circulation of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in ticks and cattle in Zambia

et al. 2021

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Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne zoonosis with a high case fatality rate in humans. Although the disease is widely found in Africa, Europe, and Asia, the distribution and genetic diversity of CCHF virus (CCHFV) are poorly understood in African countries. To assess the risks of CCHF in Zambia, where CCHF has never been reported, epidemiologic studies in cattle and ticks were conducted. Through an indirect immunofluorescence assay, CCHFV nucleoprotein-specific serum IgG was detected in 8.4% (88/1,047) of cattle. Among 290 Hyalomma ticks, the principal vector of CCHFV, the viral genome was detected in 11 ticks. Phylogenetic analyses of the CCHFV S and M genome segments revealed that one of the detected viruses was a genetic reassortant between African and Asian strains. This study provides compelling evidence for the presence of CCHFV in Zambia and its transmission to vertebrate hosts.

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“…The majority of the cases involved workers of livestock markets, butchers, and animal skin processors [ 54 , 55 ]. Recently, a novel lineage of CCHFV was detected in dromedary camels ( Camelus dromedarius ) and camel ticks ( Hyalomma dromedarii ) with potential reassortment of the M segment of the genome [ 56 , 57 , 58 ].…”

Section: Worldwide Burden and Phylogenetics Of Cchfvmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Asia, Africa and Europe

et al. 2021

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The global spread of ticks and various tick-borne viruses (TBVs) suggests the possibility of new tick-borne diseases emerging. Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) is an emerging TBV of the Nairoviridae family that causes serious disease that can be fatal in humans. CCHFV endemic foci can be found in Africa, Asia, the Middle East, and South-Eastern Europe, and has spread to previously unaffected regions and nations, such as Spain, over the last two decades. In this review, we discuss the current situation of CCHFV in Asia, Africa and Europe based on existing knowledge, and we discuss driving factors in the distribution and transmission of the virus, such as the spread of tick vector species and host reservoirs.

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Identification of a novel lineage of Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever virus in dromedary camels, United Arab Emirates

Cited by 14 publications

References 19 publications

Viral RNA Metagenomics of Hyalomma Ticks Collected from Dromedary Camels in Makkah Province, Saudi Arabia

Viral RNA Metagenomics of Hyalomma Ticks Collected from Dromedary Camels in Makkah Province, Saudi Arabia

Serologic and molecular evidence for circulation of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in ticks and cattle in Zambia

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus in Asia, Africa and Europe

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