Identification of a Novel Gene Family Involved in Osmotic Stress Response in<i>Caenorhabditis elegans</i>

Wheeler, Jeanna M.; Thomas, James H.

doi:10.1534/genetics.106.059089

Cited by 83 publications

(131 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…1, E and F). Mutations in five dpy collagens were shown to disrupt furrow formation, and at least three of these (dpy-7, dpy-8, and dpy-10) are known to also activate glycerol accumulation (61,75,118). DPY-7 and DPY-10 proteins have been localized to annular furrows (Fig.…”

Section: Extracellular Signaling Controls Organic Osmolytes and Osmosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mutations in dpy-7, dpy-8, dpy-9, and dpy-10 also cause a shortened body morphology known as the dumpy phenotype (Dpy) (92). Mutations in ϳ10% of cuticle collagens are known to cause Dpy (75), but only some of these mutations also cause glycerol accumulation (118). Specificity may reside in repeated, circumferential indentations in the outer surface of the cuticle called annular furrows (Fig.…”

Section: Extracellular Signaling Controls Organic Osmolytes and Osmosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mutant strains for three of these genes (osr-1, osm-7, and osm-11) have been characterized, and all three were confirmed to cause constitutive accumulation of glycerol (107,118). A later study characterized another gene encoding a predicted secreted protein, osm-8, as also functioning to suppress gpdh-1 expression and glycerol accumulation (100).…”

Section: Extracellular Signaling Controls Organic Osmolytes and Osmosmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the molecular and biochemical interactions between OSR-1 and these kinases have not been defined (107). Additionally, the p38 MAPK pathway is not required for osmotic stress resistance in an osm-7 mutant background (118), indicating that its role in osmotic stress responses may be limited to a specific branch of signaling (Fig. 4).…”

Section: R180 Salt and Water Homeostasis In C Elegansmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Physiological and molecular mechanisms of salt and water homeostasis in the nematodeCaenorhabditis elegans

Choe

2013

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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Choe KP. Physiological and molecular mechanisms of salt and water homeostasis in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 305: R175-R186, 2013. First published June 5, 2013 doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00109.2013.-Intracellular salt and water homeostasis is essential for all cellular life. Extracellular salt and water homeostasis is also important for multicellular organisms. Many fundamental mechanisms of compensation for osmotic perturbations are well defined and conserved. Alternatively, molecular mechanisms of detecting salt and water imbalances and regulating compensatory responses are generally poorly defined for animals. Throughout the last century, researchers studying vertebrates and vertebrate cells made critical contributions to our understanding of osmoregulation, especially mechanisms of salt and water transport and organic osmolyte accumulation. Researchers have more recently started using invertebrate model organisms with defined genomes and well-established methods of genetic manipulation to begin defining the genes and integrated regulatory networks that respond to osmotic stress. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans is well suited to these studies. Here, I introduce osmoregulatory mechanisms in this model, discuss experimental advantages and limitations, and review important findings. Key discoveries include defining genetic mechanisms of osmolarity sensing in neurons, identifying protein damage as a sensor and principle determinant of hypertonic stress resistance, and identification of a putative sensor for hypertonic stress associated with the extracellular matrix. Many of these processes and pathways are conserved and, therefore, provide new insights into salt and water homeostasis in other animals, including mammals. osmoregulation; cell volume; ion; organic osmolyte; protein homeostasis; model organism SALT AND WATER HOMEOSTASIS is a fundamental requirement for metazoan life. Ion and water transport mechanisms that compensate for changes in composition and volume of intracellular and extracellular compartments have been generally well defined using vertebrate cell and in vivo models (38). Alternatively, the upstream molecular mechanisms that animal cells use to sense deviations in salt and water balance and regulate compensatory responses are still poorly characterized (20). Studies in brewer's yeast demonstrate that osmotic signal detection and transduction within a single eukaryotic cell can be highly complex with numerous components, acting in parallel pathways, that often cross-talk with other processes (40,55). Osmotic signal detection and transduction are likely to be even more complex in metazoans, which require homeostasis of both the extracellular and intracellular compartments and integration of responses between cells. Genetics is an extremely powerful approach for identifying and characterizing genes and proteins that function in complex biological processes but has been underutilized in the field of osmosensing and signal transduction in metazoans. In...

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Section: Extracellular Signaling Controls Organic Osmolytes and Osmosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Extracellular Signaling Controls Organic Osmolytes and Osmosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Extracellular Signaling Controls Organic Osmolytes and Osmosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: R180 Salt and Water Homeostasis In C Elegansmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Physiological and molecular mechanisms of salt and water homeostasis in the nematodeCaenorhabditis elegans

Choe

2013

American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comp

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show abstract

“…Both disruption of the cuticle and osmotically induced protein damage are believed to induce Intermediary metabolism osmoprotective gene induction. The genes osm-7, osm-11 and several dpy genes are believed to monitor cuticle integrity and to increase glycerol synthesis in response to osmotic stress (Wheeler and Thomas, 2006). Genome-wide RNAi screening identified 122 genes that suppress the osmotic stress response under normal conditions.…”

Section: Osmotic Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%