Identification of a novel antigen from<i>Staphylococcus epidermidis</i>

Lang, Susan; Livesley, M. A.; Lambert, Peter A.; Littler, W. A.; Elliott, Tom

doi:10.1111/j.1574-695x.2000.tb01525.x

Cited by 60 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The high levels of anti-SsaA antibody observed in the 2D-IB assay were in accordance with the results of a previous study (11). The role of anti-SsaA antibody in pathogenesis is not clearly understood; however, SsaA has been postulated to be involved in biofilm-associated infections (11,52). AzoR was recently proven to play a role in providing resistance to thiol-specific stress (53).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Comparative Exoproteomics and Host Inflammatory Response in Staphylococcus aureus Skin and Soft Tissue Infections, Bacteremia, and Subclinical Colonization

Liew

Hamat

Belkum

et al. 2015

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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The exoproteome of Staphylococcus aureus contains enzymes and virulence factors that are important for host adaptation. We investigated the exoprotein profiles and cytokine/chemokine responses obtained in three different S. aureus-host interaction scenarios by using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DGE) and two-dimensional immunoblotting (2D-IB) combined with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and cytometric bead array techniques. The scenarios included S. aureus bacteremia, skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), and healthy carriage. By the 2-DGE approach, 12 exoproteins (the chaperone protein DnaK, a phosphoglycerate kinase [Pgk], the chaperone GroEL, a multisensor hybrid histidine kinase, a 3-methyl-2-oxobutanoate hydroxymethyltransferase [PanB], cysteine synthase A, an N-acetyltransferase, four isoforms of elongation factor Tu [EF-Tu], and one signature protein spot that could not be reliably identified by MS/MS) were found to be consistently present in more than 50% of the bacteremia isolates, while none of the SSTI or healthy-carrier isolates showed any of these proteins. By the 2D-IB approach, we also identified five antigens (methionine aminopeptidase [ Staphylococcus aureus is capable of causing a wide range of infections, including skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs), bacteremia, osteomyelitis, and more. However, certain sequence types (STs) of S. aureus may better colonize and infect patients. For instance, necrotizing pneumonia or sepsis is commonly associated with ST1 of clonal cluster 1 (CC1) (1). In addition, the burden of multidrug-resistant (MDR) S. aureus renders infection control challenging in hospital settings. Furthermore, non-MDR strains may also cause severe staphylococcal infections (2-4).In S. aureus, exoproteins play a major role in virulence, particularly during invasion and host tissue damage. S. aureus produces exogenous phenol-soluble modulins that exhibit strong cytolytic activity against human neutrophils, erythrocytes, and monocytes (5). The exoprotein LukGH was recently reported to exhibit synergistic effects with Panton-Valentine leukocidin on human neutrophil lysis (6). Similarly, the exoprotein SasX facilitates intercellular aggregation and promotes biofilm formation (7). A continuous search for new S. aureus virulence factors is ongoing, and comparative exoproteomics of strains isolated from different infection types may help in the identification of additional virulence factors.Several studies have reported heterogeneous virulence gene expression in strains from different infection types and different clones (8,9). These studies also reported exoproteome heterogeneity likely due to genetic regulation, posttranslational modification, or targeted protein degradation or stabilization. Such heterogeneity complicates the identification of potential biomarkers or vaccine candidates for S. aureus.It is well known that some exoproteins are antigenic. This antigenicity has been shown in both S. aureus-infected patients and healthy carriers (10, 11). The exoproteins Hla, I...

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Comparative Exoproteomics and Host Inflammatory Response in Staphylococcus aureus Skin and Soft Tissue Infections, Bacteremia, and Subclinical Colonization

Liew

Hamat

Belkum

et al. 2015

Clin. Vaccine Immunol.

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“…SsaA is an extracellular protein that has shown to be implicated in pathogenesis. 50 Similarly, two strains from diseased sites have putative esxA genes. EsxA is a virulence factor in S. aureus that has also been identified and shown to be functional in some S. epidermidis strains.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unexplored diversity and strain-level structure of the skin microbiome associated with psoriasis

Tett

Pasolli

Farina

et al. 2017

npj Biofilms Microbiomes

158

174

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Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease that has been associated with cutaneous microbial dysbiosis by culture-dependent investigations and rRNA community profiling. We applied, for the first time, high-resolution shotgun metagenomics to characterise the microbiome of psoriatic and unaffected skin from 28 individuals. We demonstrate psoriatic ear sites have a decreased diversity and psoriasis is associated with an increase in Staphylococcus, but overall the microbiomes of psoriatic and unaffected sites display few discriminative features at the species level. Finer strain-level analysis reveals strain heterogeneity colonisation and functional variability providing the intriguing hypothesis of psoriatic niche-specific strain adaptation or selection. Furthermore, we accessed the poorly characterised, but abundant, clades with limited sequence information in public databases, including uncharacterised Malassezia spp. These results highlight the skins hidden diversity and suggests strain-level variations could be key determinants of the psoriatic microbiome. This illustrates the need for high-resolution analyses, particularly when identifying therapeutic targets. This work provides a baseline for microbiome studies in relation to the pathogenesis of psoriasis.

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“…Here we showed that this gene is not involved in staphyloxanthin biosynthesis because its deletion had no effect on staphyloxanthin production. Furthermore, the predicted protein product of orf1 shows sequence similarity to the staphylococcal secretory antigen (13).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%