Identification of a four immune‐related genes signature based on an immunogenomic landscape analysis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma

Abstract

Renal clear cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common type of renal cell carcinoma, which has strong immunogenicity. A comprehensive study of the role of immune‐related genes (IRGs) in ccRCC is of great significance in finding ccRCC treatment targets and improving patient prognosis. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the expression of IRGs in ccRCC based on The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets. The mechanism of differentially expressed IRGs in ccRCC was analyzed by bioinformatics. In addition, Cox regression analysis was used to screen prognostic related IRGs from differentially expressed IRGs. We also identified a four IRGs signature consisting of four IRGs (CXCL2, SEMA3G, PDGFD, and UCN) through lasso regression and multivariate Cox regression analysis. Further analysis results showed that the four IRGs signature could effectively predict the prognosis of patients with ccRCC, and its predictive power is independent of other clinical factors. In addition, the correlation analysis of immune cell infiltration showed that this four IRGs signature could effectively reflect the level of immune cell infiltration of ccRCC. We also found that the expression of immune checkpoint genes CTLA‐4, LAG3, and PD‐1 in the high‐risk group was higher than that in the low‐risk group. Our research revealed the role of IRGs in ccRCC, and developed a four IRGs signature that could be used to evaluate the prognosis of patients with ccRCC, which will help to develop personalized treatment strategies for patients with ccRCC and improve their prognosis. In addition, these four IRGs may be effective therapeutic targets for ccRCC.

Gene expression-based immune infiltration analyses of renal cancer and their associations with survival outcome

“…We inferred that the decreased proportion of resting mast cells, which re ected the enhancement of activated mast cells activities, was associated with a poor prognosis due to the protumorigenic effects of activated mast cells. In addition, a previous study showed a four immune-related genes signature based on CXCL2, SEMA3G, PDGFD, and UCN is closely associated with the prognosis of renal clear cell carcinoma (Gao et al 2020). In this study, we identi ed that TIICs proportion is closely correlated with the prognosis of renal cancer, which was diffent from the previous study.…”

Gene expression-based immune infiltration analyses of renal cancer and their associations with survival outcome

“…We inferred that the decreased proportion of resting mast cells, which reflected the enhancement of activated mast cells activities, was associated with a poor prognosis due to the protumorigenic effects of activated mast cells. In addition, a previous study showed a four immune-related genes signature based on CXCL2, SEMA3G, PDGFD, and UCN is closely associated with the prognosis of renal clear cell carcinoma [ 52 ]. In this study, we identified that TIICs proportion is closely correlated with the prognosis of renal cancer, which was diffent from the previous study.…”

Seven immune‐related genes prognostic power and correlation with tumor‐infiltrating immune cells in hepatocellular carcinoma

“…K‐M analysis and ROC curve were performed in the ICGC database by using the R package. To further verify the prognostic capabilities of the signature, we calculated and compared the C‐index in both TCGA and ICGC database 19 …”

“…To further verify the prognostic capabilities of the signature, we calculated and compared the C-index in both TCGA and ICGC database. 19…”