Identification of a DNA segment in ferret Aleutian disease virus similar to a hypervariable capsid region of mink Aleutian disease parvovirus

Saifuddin, Md.; Fox, James G.

doi:10.1007/bf01718834

Cited by 20 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Therefore, the first amino acid is numbered ''1.'' The predicted amino acid sequences were compared with that published for other American and European ADV isolates (Oie et al, 1996;Schuierer et al, 1997), as well as an isolate of ADV derived from ferrets (ADV-Ferret) (Saifuddin and Fox, 1996). We have denoted the Spanish ADV as ADV-ES.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aleutian Mink Disease Parvovirus in Wild Riparian Carnivores in Spain

Mañas¹,

Ceña

Ruiz‐Olmo

et al. 2001

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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Serious declines in populations of native European mink (Mustela lutreola) have occurred in Europe. One responsible factor may be infectious diseases introduced by exotic American mink (Mustela vison). In order to investigate a possible role for Aleutian mink disease parvovirus (ADV), we surveyed native riparian carnivores and feral American mink. When serum samples from 12 free-ranging European and 16 feral American mink were tested, antibodies to ADV were detected from three of nine European mink. ADV DNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction in whole cell DNA from four of seven carcasses; two American mink, one European mink and a Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra). Lesions typical of Aleutian disease were present in one of the American mink. A portion of the ADV VP2 capsid gene was sequenced and the results suggested that two sequence types of ADV were circulating in Spain, and that the Spanish ADVs differed from other described isolates from North America and Europe. Future conservation and restoration efforts should include measures to avoid introduction or spread of ADV infection to native animals.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aleutian Mink Disease Parvovirus in Wild Riparian Carnivores in Spain

Mañas¹,

Ceña

Ruiz‐Olmo

et al. 2001

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…The 365-base segment from 5Ј-nt3043 to 3Ј-nt3407, including the hypervariable region of the ADV capsid encoding ORF, was similar to the ADV-F sequence, but had 8 point mutations that resulted in 1 amino acid substitution from serine to threonine. 16 This single mutation resembles the wild-type mink Utah1, ADV-G, and ADV-K strains rather than the ADV-F sequence, suggesting a possible new locus to identify pathogenicity among sequenced DNA isolated from ADV positive ferrets. Because the mutations in the hypervariable region of the DNA sequence encoding the capsid protein determine the pathogenicity of a given ADV strain, the persistence of ADV-F in the ferret community is of concern.…”

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confidence: 88%

Persistent Viral Shedding during Asymptomatic Aleutian Mink Disease Parvoviral Infection in a Ferret

et al. 2005

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Abstract.A 2-year-old domestic ferret that appeared clinically healthy was repeatedly seropositive for Aleutian mink disease parvovirus (ADV) over a 2-year observation period. Antibody titers, determined by counter-immunoelectrophoresis, ranged from 1024 to 4096. Viral DNA also was identified in serum, urine, feces, and blood cell fractions by polymerase chain reaction analysis. Ultimately, DNA in situ hybridization revealed ADV DNA in histologic sections of various tissues and organs. These data indicate that this asymptomatic ferret was persistently infected with ADV.Key words: Aleutian disease virus; counter-immunoelectrophoresis; PCR; in situ hybridization. Aleutian mink disease parvovirus (ADV) is naturally occurring parvovirus that infects mustelids such as mink and ferrets. 3,7,8 The disease was first described in Aleutian mink, which have an increased susceptibility to disease resulting from a Chediak-Higashi-like defect in lysosomal membrane function and reduced cell-mediated immune responses necessary for combating viral infections. 4 Normal or wild-type mink are asymptomatic or have mild to moderate clinical signs of disease, chronically elevated antibody titers, and no detectable viremia or transient viremia depending on the strain of ADV. 6 Experimental infections of ferrets with minkderived strains of ADV have resulted in clinical scenarios similar to that of mink with dark coat colors. 6,15 Natural ADV outbreaks in ferret shelters and multiple ferret households have been increasingly reported. 11,14 Common clinical signs associated with ADV infection in ferrets include chronic progressive weight loss, cachexia, malaise, and melena. Ataxia leading to posterior paralysis, tremors, and convulsions has also been observed. 11,14 Little is known about the pathogenesis of natural ADV infection in ferrets or the route by which viral shedding occurs.Serum from a clinically normal, 2-year-old, male, sable point ferret was sent to the University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine to test for ADV. After an initial positive test result, serum samples from the ferret were submitted intermittently for anti-ADV antibody testing over a period of 1.5 years. Counter-immunoelectrophoresis was performed to determine an endpoint antibody titer within the range of 1:4 through 1:16,384. Nine serum samples were consistently positive for anti-ADV antibodies with a titer Ն1024 over a period of 1.5 years (Fig. 1). Serum was also tested for the presence of ADV DNA by using a polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based assay. 12 Eight of nine serum samples assayed yielded the appropriately sized band (Fig. 2).Additional testing of anticoagulated whole blood was done to determine which fractions were associated with viral DNA. A 1:1 mixture of PBS-diluted, heparinized blood was separated into 3 layers by using gradient centrifugation. a A commercial kit b was used to extract and purify DNA from the erythrocytes, buffy coat, and plasma fractions. These DNA samples were evaluated by PCR analysis to detect ADV. The acellular pla...

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“…On analysis of PCR products, using primers directed against the gene encoding the ADV capsid described by Saifuddin and Fox [9] and extracts of formalin-fixed tissue from the ferret's kidneys and serum from three minks with AD as positive controls, a single band of about 400 bp specific to ADV was detected (Fig. 5).…”

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confidence: 99%