Identification of a Distinct Small Cell Population from Human Bone Marrow Reveals Its Multipotency In Vivo and In Vitro

Wang, James; Guo, Xiaoyu; Lui, Monica; Chu, Pei Ju; Yoo, Jennifer; Chang, Megan; Yen, Yun

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0085112

Cited by 19 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…The bone marrow is the most widely studied stem cell niche in the adult, however many other tissues and fluids such as the dental pulp, cord blood, breastmilk, the basement membrane of the seminiferous tubules, and the endometrium contain stem cells with pluripotent features [ 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Mesenchymal/stromal stem cells (MSCs) from the bone marrow are defined by their ability to differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes and chondrocytes and express specific markers including CD44, CD63, CD105 and CD146 [ 24 ].…”

Section: Pluripotency Genes In Adult Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pluripotency Genes and Their Functions in the Normal and Aberrant Breast and Brain

Seymour

Twigger

Kakulas

2015

IJMS

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Pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) attracted considerable interest with the successful isolation of embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from the inner cell mass of murine, primate and human embryos. Whilst it was initially thought that the only PSCs were ESCs, in more recent years cells with similar properties have been isolated from organs of the adult, including the breast and brain. Adult PSCs in these organs have been suggested to be remnants of embryonic development that facilitate normal tissue homeostasis during repair and regeneration. They share certain characteristics with ESCs, such as an inherent capacity to self-renew and differentiate into cells of the three germ layers, properties that are regulated by master pluripotency transcription factors (TFs) OCT4 (octamer-binding transcription factor 4), SOX2 (sex determining region Y-box 2), and homeobox protein NANOG. Aberrant expression of these TFs can be oncogenic resulting in heterogeneous tumours fueled by cancer stem cells (CSC), which are resistant to conventional treatments and are associated with tumour recurrence post-treatment. Further to enriching our understanding of the role of pluripotency TFs in normal tissue function, research now aims to develop optimized isolation and propagation methods for normal adult PSCs and CSCs for the purposes of regenerative medicine, developmental biology, and disease modeling aimed at targeted personalised cancer therapies.

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Section: Pluripotency Genes In Adult Stem Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pluripotency Genes and Their Functions in the Normal and Aberrant Breast and Brain

Seymour

Twigger

Kakulas

2015

IJMS

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“…Despite having smaller sizes than OSCs, VSELs express nuclear OCT4 rather than cytoplasmic OCT4 in OSCs, which defines their pluripotent nature [101]. These pluripotent cells can be isolated from a number of other adult cell sources such as bone marrow [102], bone [103], umbilical cord blood [104], and peripheral blood [105], and they can be used to derive OLCs when induced under suitable culturing conditions. Due to the quiescent nature of VSELs, they can avoid nuclear and mitochondrial mutations and can therefore be used as safer therapeutic agents in reproductive medicine [106].…”

Section: Very Small Embryonic-like Stem Cells (Vsels): New Heroes In mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Generation of Oocyte Like Cells and Their In Vivo Efficacy: How Far We have been Succeeded

Bharti

Jang

Lee

et al. 2020

Cells

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In the last few decades, stem cell therapy has grown as a boon for many pathological complications including female reproductive disorders. In this review, a brief description of available strategies that are related to stem cell-based in vitro oocyte-like cell (OLC) development are given. We have tried to cover all the aspects and latest updates of the in vitro OLC developmental methodologies, marker profiling, available disease models, and in vivo efficacies, with a special focus on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) usage. The differentiation abilities of both the ovarian and non-ovarian stem cell sources under various induction conditions have shown different effects on morphological alterations, proliferation- and size-associated developments, hormonal secretions under gonadotropic stimulations, and their neo-oogenesis or folliculogenesis abilities after in vivo transplantations. The attainment of characters like oocyte-like morphology, size expansion, and meiosis initiation have been found to be major obstacles during in vitro oogenesis. A number of reports have either lacked in vivo studies or have shown their functional incapability to produce viable and healthy offspring. Though researchers have gained many valuable insights regarding in vitro gametogenesis, still there are many things to do to make stem cell-derived OLCs fully functional.

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“…SB cells ® were collected from patients using SB cells ® purification protocol as mentioned in our previous publication. SB cells ® were then injected back to patients following the guidelines described in our procedural IRB (IRB protocol number SB-IN-4112) [1].…”

Section: Isolation Of Sb Cells ®mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous publication of flow cytometry analysis shows the presence of SB cells ® in the small cell like region (3-7μm) devoid of white blood cells and red blood cells. SB cells ® are less than 6μm in diameter, expresses Lgr5+ and CD349+ but not CD133-, CD45-, and CD66e-; thereby, concluding properties dissimilar to very-small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs), hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and blastomerelike stem cells (BLSCs) [1,2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increasing HMOX-1 Expression with SB cells® Treatment Ameliorates Chronic Hypertension

Lee¹,

Xiao²,

Lui³

et al. 2017

Stem Cells Regen Med

Self Cite

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Hypertension has been known to be one of the most common chronic inflammations of the body affecting lives of many worldwide. Constant elevation of blood pressure limits the organ from performing at its optimal rate, and its effects are more widespread throughout the body. Many prescription drugs have been created and used by affected individuals at a cost-severe financial loss and/or inescapable side effects. The race to discover other alternative treatment leads to newfound attention to stem cell therapy where patients are treated with their own stem cells in the hope of minimizing cost and side effects. The intention of our study is to use SB cells® cells to approach hypertension syndromes by testing the gene Heme oxygenase decycling-1 (HMOX-1). HMOX-1 is a critical enzyme that breaks down heme to produce carbon monoxide (CO). CO is an important metabolite that participates in vasodilation and many other anti-inflammation processes. We observed a significant increase in HMOX-1 expression in the blood 24-hours and/or 1-week post-SB cells® treatment. Additionally, blood pressure level of tested patients significantly decreased post treatment. We envision that this application could one day be used to treat other HMOX1 related diseases such as inflammation as well as cancer.

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Identification of a Distinct Small Cell Population from Human Bone Marrow Reveals Its Multipotency In Vivo and In Vitro

Cited by 19 publications

References 53 publications

Pluripotency Genes and Their Functions in the Normal and Aberrant Breast and Brain

Pluripotency Genes and Their Functions in the Normal and Aberrant Breast and Brain

In Vitro Generation of Oocyte Like Cells and Their In Vivo Efficacy: How Far We have been Succeeded

Increasing HMOX-1 Expression with SB cells® Treatment Ameliorates Chronic Hypertension

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