Identification, localization and receptor characterization of novel mammalian substance P-like peptides

Kurtz, Marc M.; Wang, Ruiping; Clements, Michelle K.; Cascieri, Margaret A.; Austin, Christopher P.; Cunningham, Barry R.; Chicchi, Gary G.; Liu, Qingyun

doi:10.1016/s0378-1119(02)00861-2

Cited by 157 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…SP and NKA, but not NKB, are present within capsaicinsensitive sensory nerves in the periphery and are locally released by a number of physical and chemical stimuli (Holzer, 1988;Maggi & Meli, 1988). SP and a new member of the tachykinin family, hemokinin-1 (HK-1), that has recently been cloned in the mouse (Zhang et al, 2000), rat and human (Kurtz et al, 2002) are also produced in non-neuronal cells (Joos & Pauwels, 2000;Zhang et al, 2000). This distribution suggests an important role for tachykinins in intercellular communication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tachykinins and tachykinin receptors in human uterus

Patak

Candenas

Pennefather

et al. 2003

British J Pharmacology

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1 Studies were undertaken to determine the nature of the receptors mediating contractile effects of tachykinins in the uteri of nonpregnant women, and to analyse the expression of preprotachykinins (PPT), tachykinin receptors and the cell-surface peptidase, neprilysin (NEP), in the myometrium from pregnant and nonpregnant women. 2 The neurokinin B (NKB) precursor PPT-B was expressed in higher levels in the myometrium from nonpregnant than from pregnant women. Faint expression of PPT-A mRNA was detectable in the myometrium from nonpregnant but not pregnant women. PPT-C, the gene encoding the novel tachykinin peptide hemokinin-1 (HK-1), was present in trace amounts in the uteri from both pregnant and nonpregnant women. 3 Tachykinin NK 2 receptors were more strongly expressed in tissues from nonpregnant than from pregnant women. NK 1 receptor mRNA was present in low levels in tissues from both pregnant and nonpregnant women. A low abundance transcript corresponding to the NK 3 receptor was present only in tissues from nonpregnant women. 4 The mRNA expression of the tachykinin-degrading enzyme NEP was lower in tissues from nonpregnant than from pregnant women. 5 Substance P (SP), neurokinin A (NKA) and NKB, in the presence of the peptidase inhibitors thiorphan, captopril and bestatin, produced contractions of myometrium from nonpregnant women. The order of potency was NKAbSPXNKB. The potency of NKA was unchanged in the absence of peptidase inhibitors. Nle 10 ]NKA(4 -10). 8 These data are consistent with a role of tachykinins in the regulation of human uterine function, and reinforce the importance of NK 2 receptors in the regulation of myometrial contraction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tachykinins and tachykinin receptors in human uterus

Patak

Candenas

Pennefather

et al. 2003

British J Pharmacology

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“…SP and NKA are encoded by the preprotachykinin A (PPTA) gene, which produces four splicing variants; ␣-and ␦-PPTA yield SP alone, whereas ␤-and ␥-PPTA produce both SP and NKA (7,12,13). NKB and HK-1/endokinins are generated from the PPTB and PPTC genes, respectively (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)14). Isolation of SP, NKA, and NKB from diverse vertebrate species and identification of the structural organization of ␥-PPTA in the goldfish have established that the TK family is conserved in all vertebrates (7).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…In protostomes, two types of TK-like peptides, invertebrate TK and TK-related peptides (TKRPs), have so far been identified. Peptides of the former group, containing the identical C-terminal TK consensus motif, are expressed exclusively in the salivary gland and are devoid of any activity on the cognate tissues, indicating that the TK-like peptides are not functional counterparts of vertebrate TKs (9,19,20). TKRPs exert a TK-like contractile activity, and the expression of the TKRP gene is observed in the central nervous system (20).…”

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confidence: 99%

Tachykinin and Tachykinin Receptor of an Ascidian, Ciona intestinalis

Satake

Ogasawara

Kawada

et al. 2004

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Tachykinins (TKs) are the most prevalent vertebrate brain/gut peptides. In this study, we originally identified authentic TKs and their receptor from a protochordate, Ciona intestinalis. The Ciona TK (Ci-TK) precursor, like mammalian ␥-preprotachykinin A (␥-PPTA), encodes two TKs, Ci-TK-I and -II, including the -FXGLM-NH 2 vertebrate TK consensus. Mass spectrometry of the neural extract revealed the production of both Ci-TKs. Ci-TK-I contains several Substance P (SP)-typical amino acids, whereas a Thr is exceptionally located at position 4 from the C terminus of Ci-TK-II. The Ci-TK gene encodes both Ci-TKs in the same exon, indicating no alternative generation of Ci-TKs, unlike the PPTA gene. These results suggested that the alternative splicing of the PPTA gene was established during evolution of vertebrates. The only Ci-TK receptor, Ci-TK-R, was equivalently activated by Ci-TK-I, SP, and neurokinin A at physiological concentrations, whereas Ci-TK-II showed 100-fold less potent activity, indicating that the ligand selectivity of Ci-TK-R is distinct from those of vertebrate TK receptors. Ci-TK-I, like SP, also elicited the typical contraction on the guinea pig ileum. The Ci-TK gene was expressed in neurons of the brain ganglion, small cells in the intestine, and the zone 7 in the endostyle, which corresponds to the vertebrate thyroid gland. Furthermore, the Ci-TK-R mRNA was distributed in these three tissues plus the gonad. These results showed that Ci-TKs play major roles in sexual behavior and feeding in protochordates as brain/gut peptides and endocrine/paracrine molecules. Taken together, our data revealed the biochemical and structural origins of vertebrate TKs and their receptors.

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“…Substance P (RPKPQQFFGLM) contains 11 a.a.r [181] [186]. The amino acid sequences of the further petides are for NKA:HKTDSFVGLM; NKB:DMHDFFVGLM and NKG, which is the most abundant in the body: DAGHGQISHKRHKTDSFVGLM, NP K: DADSSIEKQVALLKALYGHGQISH-KRHKTDSFVGLM; EKA/B: GKASQFFGLM [185]; EKC, EKD: KKAYQLEHTFQGLL, and VGAYQLEHT-FQGLL [187] and hHK1: TGKASQFFGLM [188]. The first five of these tachykinins occur by cleaving of 4 precursor pro-peptides.…”

Section: Mammalian Neurokinins and Their Receptorsmentioning

confidence: 99%