Identification in silico and expression analysis of a β-1-4-endoglucanase and β-galactosidase genes related to ripening in guava fruit

Abstract

Background Guava fruit softening is a crucial process during ripening and this process involves a number of enzymes that modifies the cell wall. Two of the enzymes that regulate this process are (a) the β-1, 4-endoglucanase 17 (BEG) which hydrolyze β-1, 4 bonds from cellulose and hemicellulose, and (b) β-galactosidase (BGA) that hydrolyzes pectin chains. Bioinformatics and expression analysis information on these genes is limited in guava fruit. Results A fragment of a β-1, 4-endoglucanase 17 (PgE17), and another of a β-galactosidase (PgGa1) were identified. These sequences have a similarity of more than 85% with those reported in the NCBI database. In the guava genome, one homologous sequence was found for PgE17 in Chr 4 and two homologous to PgGa1: one in Chr 3 and the other one in Chr 6. Putative protein PgE17 contains part of the glyco_hydro_9 domain. Putative protein PgGa1 has a part of the glyco_hydro_35 domain. Phylogenetic analysis of PgE17 and PgGa1 revealed that both are highly conserved inside the Myrtaceae family. In silico expression analysis showed that both PgE17 and PgGa1 work in a coordinated way with other cell wall modifier enzymes. Expression of these genes was found in all the guava samples analyzed. However, the highest expression was found in the fruit in the breaking and ripe states. Conclusions A β-1, 4-endoglucanase 17, and β-galactosidase 1 sequences were identified. PgE17 and PgGa1 are expressed in all the plant tissues, and fruit ripening states. Although, the highest expression was on breaker and ripe states.

Multi-omics research on common allergens during the ripening of pollen and poplar flocs of Populus deltoides

“…In addition, endoglucanase and GDSL esterase were the most significantly down-regulated in the poplar flocs maturation process. However, studies have shown that endoglucanase and GDSL esterase are indispensable and highly expressed in the ripening process of various fruits and Triticum aestivum (Jara et al, 2019;Watkins et al, 2019;Mejia-Mendoza et al, 2022). It can be seen that the contents of endoglucanase and GDSL esterase are significantly different in different fruits' ripening processes.…”

Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Beta-Galactosidase Family Members in Chinese Bayberry (Myrica rubra)

“…This process is catalyzed by cell wall hydrolytic enzymes, including polygalacturonase, pectin methylesterase, pectate lyase, and β-galactosidase [10][11][12]. Among these enzymes, polygalacturonase [13] and β-galactosidase [14,15] have been extensively studied and are considered the most potent enzymes regulating fruit softening. Plant β-galactosidase, a constituent of the glycoside hydrolase 35 (GH35) families [16], plays a crucial role in catalyzing the removal of terminal galactosyl residues from carbohydrates, glycoproteins, and galactolipids [17].…”