Identification, Evolutionary and Expression Analysis of PYL-PP2C-SnRK2s Gene Families in Soybean

Abstract

Abscisic acid (ABA) plays a crucial role in various aspects of plant growth and development, including fruit development and ripening, seed dormancy, and involvement in response to various environmental stresses. In almost all higher plants, ABA signal transduction requires three core components; namely, PYR/PYL/RCAR ABA receptors (PYLs), type 2C protein phosphatases (PP2Cs), and class III SNF-1-related protein kinase 2 (SnRK2s). The exploration of these three core components is not comprehensive in soybean. This study identified the GmPYL-PP2C-SnRK2s gene family members by using the JGI Phytozome and NCBI database. The gene family composition, conservation, gene structure, evolutionary relationship, cis-acting elements of promoter regions, and its coding protein domains were analyzed. In the entire genome of the soybean, there are 21 PYLs, 36 PP2Cs, and 21 SnRK2s genes; further, by phylogenetic and conservation analysis, 21 PYLs genes are classified into 3 groups, 36 PP2Cs genes are classified into seven groups, and 21 SnRK2s genes are classified into 3 groups. The conserved motifs and domain analysis showed that all the GmPYLs gene family members contain START-like domains, the GmPP2Cs gene family contains PP2Cc domains, and the GmSnRK2s gene family contains S_TK domains, respectively. Furthermore, based on the high-throughput transcriptome sequencing data, the results showed differences in the expression patterns of GmPYL-PP2C-SnRK2s gene families in different tissue parts of the same variety, and the same tissue part of different varieties. Our study provides a basis for further elucidation of the identification of GmPYL-PP2C-SnRK2s gene family members and analysis of their evolution and expression patterns, which helps to understand the molecular mechanism of soybean response to abiotic stress. In addition, this provides a conceptual basis for future studies of the soybean ABA core signal pathway.

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the AT-hook Motif Nuclear Localized gene family in soybean

“…To address the expression patterns of the AT-hook motif gene family, we selected the representative soybean cultivars, Jack and Williams82 at different tissues and during the VC stage. The transcription data is available from NCBI (accession number: SRP285849) [ 45 ]. W82 and Jack were used to investigate whether there were differences in the expression profiles of the AT-hook motif gene family between different soybean varieties (Fig.…”

Uptake, Translocation, and Consequences of Nanomaterials on Plant Growth and Stress Adaptation

“…Plant response to such abiotic stress is extensively studied at the cellular and molecular level [125]. A transitory provocation of cytoplasmic Ca 2+ , ROS, abscisic acid, and increased mitogenactivated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are included in the preliminary response of plants against abiotic stresses [126]. The advanced stage of stress response involves modulating proteins involved in cellular damage protection and regulating stress-specific gene expression.…”

Towards Developing Drought-smart Soybeans

“…On the cellular level, largely overlapping signalling mechanisms and phytohormone cross-talks mediate drought response in plants (Basu et al, 2016). With the advent of high-throughput sequencing techniques, several genes or gene families have been identified and characterised in soybean (Wong et al, 2013;Zhang et al, 2020Zhang et al, , 2021. Among these, the CUC (NAC; Hussain et al, 2017), MYB (Chen L. et al, 2021), WRKY (Shi et al, 2018), ABA-responsive element binding (AREB; Fuganti-Pagliarini et al, 2017) and dehydration response elementbinding proteins (DREB; Nguyen et al, 2019) transcription factor families are some of the prime regulators that control drought response by regulating the synthesis of drought-responsive hormones, such as ABA, ethylene and other drought signalling compounds including Brassinosteroids (Nguyen et al, 2019;Chen L. et al, 2021).…”