Identification, characterization and mRNA transcript abundance profiles of the carboxylesterase (CXE5) gene in Eriocheir sinensis suggest that it may play a role in methyl farnesoate degradation

Li, Xilei; Chen, Tiantian; Xu, Ruijuan; Huang, Mengting; Huang, Jiawei; Xie, Qiming; Liu, Fan; Su, Shiping; Knepper, M. A.

doi:10.1016/j.cbpb.2021.110630

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…To date, as no JH has ever been identified in crustaceans, methyl farnesoate (MF), the unepoxidized form of insect JH, has long been hypothesized to be equivalent to JH in crustaceans (Nagaraju, 2007). Previous studies identified JHE as a key enzyme in the regulation of MF degradation in Portunus trituberculatus (Tao et al, 2017), Litopenaeus vannamei (Zhang et al, 2020), and Eriocheir sinensis (Li et al, 2021). At present, there is no substantial evidence that MF is degraded by JHEH.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Comparative transcriptomic characterization of the ovary in the spawning process of the mud crab Scylla paramamosain

Tu,

Yu,

et al. 2024

Dev Growth Differ

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Oviposition is induced upon mating in most insects. Spawning is a physiological process that is fundamental for the reproduction of Scylla paramamosain. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the spawning process in this species are poorly understood. Herein, comprehensive ovary transcriptomic analysis was conducted at the germinal vesicle breakdown stage (GVBD), spawning stage, 0.5 h post‐spawning stage, and 24 h post‐spawning stage of S. paramamosain for gene discovery. A total of 67,230 unigenes were generated, and 27,975 (41.61%) unigenes were annotated. Meanwhile, the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the different groups were identified, and Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis was subsequently conducted. These results suggested that octopamine (OA) and tyramine (TA) could induce oviposition, while dopamine (DA) and serotonin (5‐hydroxytryptamine [5‐HT]) inhibit oviposition. The 20‐hydroxyecdysone (20E) and methyl farnesoate (MF) signal pathways might be positively associated with oviposition. Furthermore, numerous transcripts that encode neuropeptides and their G‐protein‐coupled receptors (GPCRs), such as CNMamide, RYamide, ecdysis‐triggering hormone (ETH), GPA2/GPB5 receptor, and Moody receptor, appear to be differentially expressed during the spawning process. Eleven unigenes were selected for qRT‐PCR and the pattern was found to be consistent with the transcriptome expression pattern. Our work is the first spawning‐related investigation of S. paramamosain focusing on the ovary at the whole transcriptome level. These findings assist in improving our understanding of spawning regulation in S. paramamosain and provide information for oviposition studies in other crustaceans.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies identified JHE as a key enzyme in the regulation of MF degradation in Portunus trituberculatus (Tao et al, 2017), Litopenaeus vannamei (Zhang et al, 2020), and Eriocheir sinensis (Li et al, 2021). At present, there is no substantial evidence that MF is degraded by JHEH.…”

Section: Deg Expression Analysismentioning

confidence: 91%

Comparative transcriptomic characterization of the ovary in the spawning process of the mud crab Scylla paramamosain

Tu,

Yu,

et al. 2024

Dev Growth Differ

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“…In L. vannamei, JHEH expression is induced by bacterial and viral infection and inhibition of JHE-like sequence transcription leads to strong downregulation of ecdysteroid-responsive genes and moulting failure (Zhang et al, 2020b;Liu et al, 2022b). JHE-like gene expression decreases during the developmental cycle and the hepatopancreas and the gonads appear to be the major sites for MF inactivation and MF esterase activity, as detected in several decapods (Lee et al, 2011;Tao et al, 2017;Zhang et al, 2020b;Li et al, 2021d;Liu et al, 2022b). Other factors putatively involved in sesquiterpenoid turnover have been found beyond Pancrustacea, but they have not been extensively investigated (Qu et al, 2015;So et al, 2022).…”

Section: Sesquiterpenoid Biosynthesis and Regulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The moulting arthropod: a complete genetic toolkit review

Campli,

Volovych,

Kim

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Exoskeletons are a defining character of all arthropods that provide physical support for their segmented bodies and appendages as well as protection from the environment and predation. This ubiquitous yet evolutionarily variable feature has been instrumental in facilitating the adoption of a variety of lifestyles and the exploitation of ecological niches across all environments. Throughout the radiation of Arthropoda that produced the more than one million described modern species, the adaptability afforded by segmentation and exoskeletons has led to a diversity that is unrivalled amongst animals. However, because exoskeletons cannot grow, they must be periodically shed and replaced with new larger ones to accommodate the growing individuals encased within. Arthropods must therefore undergo periodic moulting events, which follow a series of steps from the preparatory pre-moult phase to ecdysis itself and the post-moult maturation of the new exoskeleton. Each event represents a particularly vulnerable period in an arthropod’s life cycle, so the process must be tightly regulated and meticulously executed to ensure successful transitions for normal growth and development. Decades of research in representative arthropods provide a foundation of understanding of the mechanisms involved. Building on this, studies continue to develop and test hypotheses on the presence and function of molecular components, including neuropeptides, hormones, and receptors, as well as the so-called early, late, and fate genes, across arthropod diversity. Here, we review the literature to develop a comprehensive overview of the current status of accumulated knowledge of the genetic toolkit governing arthropod moulting. From the biosynthesis and regulation of ecdysteroid and sesquiterpenoid hormones, to the factors involved in hormonal stimulation responses and exoskeleton remodelling, we identify commonalities and differences, as well as highlighting major knowledge gaps, across arthropod groups. We examine the available evidence supporting current models of how components operate together to prepare for, execute, and recover from ecdysis, comparing reports from Chelicerata, Myriapoda, Crustacea, and Hexapoda. Evidence is generally highly taxonomically imbalanced, with most reports based on insect study systems. Biases are also evident in the research on different moulting phases and processes, with the early triggers and the late effectors generally being the least well explored. Our synthesis contrasts knowledge based on reported observations with reasonably plausible assumptions given current taxonomic sampling, and exposes weak assumptions or major gaps that need addressing. Encouragingly, advances in genomics are driving a diversification of tractable study systems by facilitating the cataloguing of putative genetic toolkits in previously under-explored taxa. Analysis of genome and transcriptome data supported by experimental investigations have validated the presence of an “ultra-conserved” core of arthropod moulting genes. The molecular machinery has likely evolved with elaborations on this conserved pathway backbone, but more taxonomic exploration is needed to characterise lineage-specific changes and novelties. Furthermore, linking these to transformative innovations in moulting processes across Arthropoda remains hampered by knowledge gaps and hypotheses based on untested assumptions. Promisingly however, emerging from the synthesis is a framework that highlights research avenues from the underlying genetics to the dynamic molecular biology through to the complex physiology of moulting.

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“…The MOIH appears to regulate MF by inhibiting the enzyme Farnesoic acid O-methyltransferase (FAMeT), which is responsible for the final step in MF biosynthesis [ 6 ]. Recently, the Carboxylesterases (CXEs) responsible for degrading MF have been identified in several decapods [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. The expression of these enzymes correlates with vitellogenesis and can be stimulated by MF treatment in vivo, suggesting their involvement in vitellogenesis through the modulation of MF degradation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The miRNAs let-7b and miR-141 Coordinately Regulate Vitellogenesis by Modulating Methyl Farnesoate Degradation in the Swimming Crab Portunus trituberculatus

Yu,

Zhang,

Liu

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Methyl farnesoate (MF), a crucial sesquiterpenoid hormone, plays a pivotal role in the reproduction of female crustaceans, particularly in the vitellogenesis process. Despite extensive research on its functions, the molecular mechanisms that regulate MF levels during the vitellogenic phase remain largely elusive. This study investigates the roles of microRNAs (miRNAs), significant post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression, in controlling MF levels in the swimming crab Portunus trituberculatus. Through bioinformatic analysis, four miRNAs were identified as potential regulators targeting two genes encoding Carboxylesterases (CXEs), which are key enzymes in MF degradation. Dual luciferase reporter assays revealed that let-7b and miR-141 suppress CXE1 and CXE2 expression by directly binding to their 3′ UTRs. In vivo overexpression of let-7b and miR-141 significantly diminished CXE1 and CXE2 levels, consequently elevating hemolymph MF and enhancing vitellogenin expression. Spatiotemporal expression profile analysis showed that these two miRNAs and their targets exhibited generally opposite patterns during ovarian development. These findings demonstrate that let-7b and miR-141 collaboratively modulate MF levels by targeting CXEs, thus influencing vitellogenesis in P. trituberculatus. Additionally, we found that the expression of let-7b and miR-141 were suppressed by MF, constituting a regulatory loop for the regulation of MF levels. The findings contribute novel insights into miRNA-mediated ovarian development regulation in crustaceans and offer valuable information for developing innovative reproduction manipulation techniques for P. trituberculatus.

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Identification, characterization and mRNA transcript abundance profiles of the carboxylesterase (CXE5) gene in Eriocheir sinensis suggest that it may play a role in methyl farnesoate degradation

Cited by 7 publications

References 37 publications

Comparative transcriptomic characterization of the ovary in the spawning process of the mud crab Scylla paramamosain

Comparative transcriptomic characterization of the ovary in the spawning process of the mud crab Scylla paramamosain

The moulting arthropod: a complete genetic toolkit review

The miRNAs let-7b and miR-141 Coordinately Regulate Vitellogenesis by Modulating Methyl Farnesoate Degradation in the Swimming Crab Portunus trituberculatus

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