Identification by Q-PCR of Trypanosoma cruzi lineage and determination of blood meal sources in triatomine gut samples in México

Ibáñez-Cervantes, Gabriela; Martínez-Ibarra, Alejandro; Nogueda‐Torres, Benjamín; López-Orduña, Eduardo; Alonso, Ana Lopez; Perea, Cynthia; Maldonado, Teresa; Hernández, José Manuel; León-Ávila, Gloria

doi:10.1016/j.parint.2012.09.003

Cited by 39 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…pallidipennis collected in municipalities of the State of Michoacan de Ocampo in Mexico [30]. In this study, of 26 specimens of this species, TcI only reached 42.3%; TcIII or TcIV have also been detected in T .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Eight of these 13 TcII were found in Mexico, four in T . dimidiata captured in domestic cycles in the state of Veracruz [29] and four in Meccus pallidipennis collected in Michoacan [30]. The five other identifications were from mice and rats captured in the immediate surroundings of the dwelling of the first described autochthonous case of T .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In North America, both of these DTUs were reported in Mexico in several publications [29, 30, 33, 34], but for the moment only TcIV has been identified in the US [24, 31, 35, 36]. In Central America, only TcIV has been identified in Guatemala in humans and vectors [37, 38].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Over Six Thousand Trypanosoma cruzi Strains Classified into Discrete Typing Units (DTUs): Attempt at an Inventory

2016

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Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease, presents wide genetic diversity. Currently, six discrete typing units (DTUs), named TcI to TcVI, and a seventh one called TcBat are used for strain typing. Beyond the debate concerning this classification, this systematic review has attempted to provide an inventory by compiling the results of 137 articles that have used it. A total of 6,343 DTU identifications were analyzed according to the geographical and host origins. Ninety-one percent of the data available is linked to South America. This sample, although not free of potential bias, nevertheless provides today’s picture of T. cruzi genetic diversity that is closest to reality. DTUs were genotyped from 158 species, including 42 vector species. Remarkably, TcI predominated in the overall sample (around 60%), in both sylvatic and domestic cycles. This DTU known to present a high genetic diversity, is very widely distributed geographically, compatible with a long-term evolution. The marsupial is thought to be its most ancestral host and the Gran Chaco region the place of its putative origin. TcII was rarely sampled (9.6%), absent, or extremely rare in North and Central America, and more frequently identified in domestic cycles than in sylvatic cycles. It has a low genetic diversity and has probably found refuge in some mammal species. It is thought to originate in the south-Amazon area. TcIII and TcIV were also rarely sampled. They showed substantial genetic diversity and are thought to be composed of possible polyphyletic subgroups. Even if they are mostly associated with sylvatic transmission cycles, a total of 150 human infections with these DTUs have been reported. TcV and TcVI are clearly associated with domestic transmission cycles. Less than 10% of these DTUs were identified together in sylvatic hosts. They are thought to originate in the Gran Chaco region, where they are predominant and where putative parents exist (TcII and TcIII). Trends in host-DTU specificities exist, but generally it seems that the complexity of the cycles and the participation of numerous vectors and mammal hosts in a shared area, maintains DTU diversity.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Over Six Thousand Trypanosoma cruzi Strains Classified into Discrete Typing Units (DTUs): Attempt at an Inventory

2016

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“…TcI is the most widespread DTU in nature and is primarily responsible for human infections in the Amazon basin in Brazil, Colombia and Venezuela [11, 16, 83]. TcII, which was classically associated with the Southern cone of South America [10, 84], has already been found in the Brazilian Amazon basin, Colombia, Mexico and USA [15, 72, 73, 85, 86]. In nature, TcIII, which was classically associated with the terrestrial transmission cycle and the armadillo from Dasypus novemcinctus , has previously been identified infecting dogs, rodents and marsupials [5, 74, 87–89].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological scenario and Trypanosoma cruzi DTU characterization of a fatal acute Chagas disease case transmitted orally (Espírito Santo state, Brazil)

et al. 2016

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BackgroundTrypanosoma cruzi infection via oral route results in outbreaks or cases of acute Chagas disease (ACD) in different Brazilian regions and poses a novel epidemiological scenario. In the Espírito Santo state (southeastern Brazil), a fatal case of a patient with ACD led us to investigate the enzootic scenario to avoid the development of new cases. At the studied locality, Triatoma vitticeps exhibited high T. cruzi infection rates and frequently invaded residences.MethodsSylvatic and domestic mammals in the Rio da Prata locality, where the ACD case occurred, and in four surrounding areas (Baia Nova, Buenos Aires, Santa Rita and Todos os Santos) were examined and underwent parasitological and serological tests. Triatomines were collected for a fecal material exam, culturing and mini-exon gene molecular characterization, followed by RFLP-PCR of H3/Alul. Paraffin-embedded cardiac tissue of a patient was washed with xylene to remove paraffin and DNA was extracted using the phenol-chloroform method. For genotype characterization, PCR was performed to amplify the 1f8, GPI and 18S rRNA genes. In the case of V7V8 SSU rRNA, the PCR products were molecularly cloned. PCR products were sequenced and compared to sequences in GenBank. Phylogenetic analysis using maximum likelihood method with 1000 bootstrap replicates was performed.ResultsNone of the animals showed positive hemocultures. Three rodents and two dogs showed signs of infection, as inferred from borderline serological titers. T. vitticeps was the only triatomine species identified and showed T. cruzi infection by DTUs TcI and TcIV. The analysis of cardiac tissue DNA showed mixed infection by T. cruzi (DTUs I, II, III and IV) and Trypanosoma dionisii.ConclusionsEach case or outbreak of ACD should be analyzed as a particular epidemiological occurrence. The results indicated that mixed infections in humans may play a role in pathogenicity and may be more common than is currently recognized. Direct molecular characterization from biological samples is essential because this procedure avoids parasite selection. T. dionisii may under certain and unknown circumstances infect humans. The distribution of T. cruzi DTUS TcIII and TcIV in Brazilian biomes is broader than has been assumed to date.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13071-016-1754-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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“…In Mexico, the most prevalent DTU using mini-exon sequences was reported belonging to TcI type (Bosseno et al 2002;Ruíz-Sánchez et al 2005). However, using serological means and ribosomal markers, other DTU have been recognized such as TcII-TcV (Risso et al 2011;Ibáñez-Cervantes et al 2013;Ramos-Ligonio et al 2012). In a recently published paper, the use of microsatellites confirmed that Mexican T. cruzi strains isolated from humans belonged to TcI and genotype 1 (Martinez et al 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circulation of Tc Ia discrete type unit Trypanosoma cruzi in Yucatan Mexico

et al. 2014

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The etiologic agent Trypanosoma cruzi (Tc) has been grouped into six discrete type units (DTU I-VI); within DTU-I exists four subgroups defined Ia-Id. In Colombia, the genotype Ia is associated with human infection and domiciliated Rhodnius vector. In the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico, the main vector involved in T. cruzi transmission is Triatoma dimidiata predominantly via sylvatic and peridomiciliated cycles. In this study, multiple sequence analysis of mini-exon intergenic regions of T. cruzi isolates obtained from T. dimidiata in the Yucatan Peninsula of Mexico revealed they belonged to Tc Ia DTU along with two additional Mexican strains located 1,570 km away from Yucatan. In conclusion Tc Ia circulates in the Yucatan peninsula in T. dimidiata vector and likewise in the northwest region of Mexico.

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Identification by Q-PCR of Trypanosoma cruzi lineage and determination of blood meal sources in triatomine gut samples in México

Cited by 39 publications

References 35 publications

Over Six Thousand Trypanosoma cruzi Strains Classified into Discrete Typing Units (DTUs): Attempt at an Inventory

Over Six Thousand Trypanosoma cruzi Strains Classified into Discrete Typing Units (DTUs): Attempt at an Inventory

Ecological scenario and Trypanosoma cruzi DTU characterization of a fatal acute Chagas disease case transmitted orally (Espírito Santo state, Brazil)

Circulation of Tc Ia discrete type unit Trypanosoma cruzi in Yucatan Mexico

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