Identification, Apportionment, and Photochemical Reactivity of Non-methane Hydrocarbon Sources in Busan, Korea

Choi, Eunhwa; Heo, Ji Hoe; Hopke, Philip K.; Jin, Byong-Bok; Yi, Seung‐Muk

doi:10.1007/s11270-010-0459-0

Cited by 15 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Primary emission VOC sources include both natural (e.g., biomass burning) and anthropogenic (e.g., vehicular exhaust, cooking emission, incense burning, and cigarette smoke). Many VOCs have adverse health effects and play important roles in stratospheric ozone (O 3 ) depletion, the formation of toxic secondary organic aerosols, the formation of tropospheric ozone, and the escalation of global warming (Luis et al, 2003;Han and Naeher, 2006;Ran et al, 2009;Choi et al, 2011). Therefore, understanding source profiles of VOCs from vehicles (which is one of the major VOC sources in the urban areas) is critical to identify effective strategies for reducing VOC levels in the urban atmosphere.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile Organic Compounds in Roadside Environment of Hong Kong

Lee

et al. 2013

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Vehicular exhaust emissions are one of major sources of anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in urban areas of Pearl River Delta Region (PRDR). Six types of vehicle emission (VE)-dominated samples were collected at representative locations in Hong Kong in the winter of 2003. A total of 111 VOC species were quantified in the samples collected. n-Butane (31%) was the most abundant species in liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)-fueled VE-dominated samples, followed by propane (26%) and i-butane (25%). Toluene was the most abundant species in gasoline-fueled VE-dominated samples (16%), comprising about half of the quantified aromatic content. While ethene and ethyne have the greatest abundance in all diesel-fueled VE-dominated VOCs profiles (except at Tuen Mun Bus Depot). VOCs were also quantified at three roadside locations in Hong Kong. And ethene was the most abundant VOCs at roadside locations which accounted for 9.5 to 29% of the total quantified VOCs, except at Hong Kong Polytechnic University roadside monitoring station (PUX). Moreover, several VOCs were clearly in abundances in the roadside samples, namely toluene, ethyne, propane, ibutane, n-butane and i-pentane. Generally, strong and fair correlations were determined from the marker species of fuel vapor (i.e., LPG, gasoline, and diesel), which show significant fuel evaporation from vehicles in roadside environment of Hong Kong. Maximum incremental reactivity (MIR) was also calculated to evaluate the contributions of individual VOCs to ozone (O 3 ) formation potential. The largest contributors to O 3 production at Mong Kok roadside station (MKX) and Lok Ma Chau roadside station (LMX) were toluene (17 and 15% of the measured VOC reactivity, respectively), ethene (14 and 17% of the measured VOC reactivity, respectively), and propene (7 and 8% of the measured VOC reactivity, respectively), indicating the important roles of alkenes and aromatics in the ambient O 3 formation.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Volatile Organic Compounds in Roadside Environment of Hong Kong

Lee

et al. 2013

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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“…For instance, before 2010 the dominating wind segments for the b25th percentile value were widely spread-out in all directions, whereas N75th percentile values (or polluted air pathways) of wind segments dominate from N to S; for instance, it was N to S in 2005-2008, while such trend was shifted to N to E in 2009-2013. This result (N to S) mainly indicates the combined influence of the regional sources from China and local sources of Korea (Choi et al, 2011;Liu et al, 2000). The results of previous studies made at regional background sites in Korea (Gosan and Anmyon-do) indicated the potent role of regional sources in cycling of NO 3 − , SO 4 2 − , and NH 4 + (Kim et al, 2002;Lee et al, 2009).…”

Section: Cpf Rosesmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…It is interesting to note that from 2009 to 2012, the possibly important role of the oceanic sources was also observed along with local sources (Chen, 2014;Lim et al, 2010;Xu et al, 2008;Zhang et al, 2014). This is also coinciding partially with the fact that the local pollutions were controlled rather effectively by implementation of many air quality regulation strategies established after 2010 (Choi et al, 2011).…”

Section: Cpf Rosesmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…This occurrence patterns were also related to the pollution levels in the local areas of Korea. As such, several source processes were expected to contribute to the pollution of NO x and O 3 (e.g., vehicle exhaust, evaporative emissions, petrochemical emissions, and coating-related emissions) (Choi et al (2011) in the target local environment. Likewise, Wang et al (2015) observed the regional transport of O 3 along the upwind directions in Beijing over a period of one year (December 2012 to November 2013) along with the relationship of its well-known precursors (CO,NO,and NO 2 ).…”

Section: Cpf Rosesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Identification of nitrogen dioxide and ozone source regions for an urban area in Korea using back trajectory analysis

Vellingiri

Kim

Lim

et al. 2016

Atmospheric Research

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“…The trailing effect appears since PSCF distributes a constant weight along the path of the trajectories. To minimize the effect of small n ij (the number of trajectory segment end points that fall into the ij th cell) values, resulting in high TPSCF values with high uncertainties, an arbitrary weight function W (n ij ) was applied to downweight the PSCF values for the cell in which the total number of end points was less than 3 times the average value of the end points (Choi et al, 2011;Heo et al, 2009;Hopke et al, 1995;Polissar et al, 2001). The TPSCF value for a grid cell was defined as follows: P (TPSCF ij ) = P (m ij ) 10 m + P (m ij ) 50 m + P (m ij ) 100 m P (n ij ) 10 m + P (n ij ) 50 m + P (n ij ) 100 m × W,…”

Section: Potential Source Contribution Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of total gaseous mercury (TGM) concentrations in an industrial complex in South Korea: impacts from local sources

et al. 2016

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Abstract. Total gaseous mercury (TGM) concentrations were measured every 5 min in Pohang, Gyeongsangbukdo, Korea, during summer (17-23 August 2012), fall (9-17 October 2012), winter (22-29 January 2013), and spring (26 March-3 April 2013) to (1) characterize the hourly and seasonal variations of atmospheric TGM concentrations; (2) identify the relationships between TGM and co-pollutants; and (3) identify likely source directions and locations of TGM using the conditional probability function (CPF), conditional bivariate probability function (CBPF) and total potential source contribution function (TPSCF).The TGM concentration was statistically significantly highest in fall (6.7 ± 6.4 ng m −3 ), followed by spring (4.8 ± 4.0 ng m −3 ), winter (4.5 ± 3.2 ng m −3 ) and summer (3.8 ± 3.9 ng m −3 ). There was a weak but statistically significant negative correlation between the TGM concentration and ambient air temperature (r = −0.08, p<0.05). Although the daytime temperature (14.7 ± 10.0 • C) was statistically significantly higher than that in the nighttime (13.0 ± 9.8 • C) (p<0.05), the daytime TGM concentration (5.3 ± 4.7 ng m −3 ) was statistically significantly higher than that in the nighttime (4.7 ± 4.7 ng m −3 ) (p<0.01), possibly due to local emissions related to industrial activities and activation of local surface emission sources. The observed TGM / CO was significantly lower than that of Asian long-range transport, but similar to that of local sources in Korea and in US industrial events, suggesting that local sources are more important than those of long-range transport. CPF, CBPF and TPSCF indicated that the main sources of TGM were iron and manufacturing facilities, the hazardous waste incinerators and the coastal areas.

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Identification, Apportionment, and Photochemical Reactivity of Non-methane Hydrocarbon Sources in Busan, Korea

Cited by 15 publications

References 25 publications

Volatile Organic Compounds in Roadside Environment of Hong Kong

Volatile Organic Compounds in Roadside Environment of Hong Kong

Identification of nitrogen dioxide and ozone source regions for an urban area in Korea using back trajectory analysis

Characteristics of total gaseous mercury (TGM) concentrations in an industrial complex in South Korea: impacts from local sources

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