Identification and Typing of Miso and Soy Sauce Fermentation Yeasts,Candida etchellsiiandC. versatilis, Based on Sequence Analyses of the D1D2 Domain of the 26S Ribosomal RNA Gene, and the Region of Internal Transcribed Spacer 1, 5.8S Ribosomal RNA Gene and Internal Transcribed Spacer 2

Abstract

We analyzed sequences of the D1D2 domain of the 26S ribosomal RNA gene (26S rDNA sequence), and the region of internal transcribed spacer 1, 5.8S ribosomal RNA gene and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS sequence) of the miso and soy sauce fermentation yeasts, Candida etchellsii and Candida versatilis, in order to evaluate the usefulness of this sequence analysis for identification and typing of these two species. In the 26S rDNA sequence method, the numbers of base substitutions among C. etchellsii strains were up to 2 in 482 bp (99.6% similarity), and they were divided into three types (types A, B, and C). Those of C. versatilis strains were also up to 2 in 521 bp (99.6% similarity) and they were divided into three types (types 1, 2, and 3). In the ITS sequence method, those of C. etchellsii strains were zero in 433 bp (type a, 100% similarity). Those of C. versatilis were 5 in 409 bp (98.8% similarity), divided into 4 types (types I, II, III and IV). It was found that molecular methods based on the sequences of the 26S rDNA D1D2 domain and the ITS region were rapid and precise compared with the physiological method for the identification and typing of these two species.

Genotyping of a Miso and Soy Sauce Fermentation Yeast,Zygosaccharomyces rouxii, Based on Sequence Analysis of the Partial 26S Ribosomal RNA Gene and Two Internal Transcribed Spacers

“…All the strains were cultivated for 2 d at 30 C in 15 ml of YPG medium 3) or YPG + 5% NaCl medium at 120 rpm. DNA extraction was performed with PrepManÔ Ultra Sample Preparation Reagent (Applied Biosystems Japan, Tokyo) according to the manufacturer's protocol.…”

“…Amplification and sequence analysis were performed according to a previous report. 3) 26S rDNA and ITS sequence analyses of Z. rouxii. The results of the 26S rDNA and ITS sequence analyses are shown in Table 1.…”

Production and partial purification of extracellular lipase produced by a novel yeast strain Candida odintsovae TY42

“…The result showed that nucleotide substitutions in the domain do not exceed 1% among conspecific strains. Therefore, this method is effective for the identification and classification of yeasts [11,12].…”

RAPD Analysis of Salt-tolerant Yeasts from Contaminated Seasoned Pickled Plums and Their Growth Inhibition Using Food Additives

“…Strains S2 and S8 from Group Nos.2 and 4 were related to Zygosaccharomyces bisporus NRRL Y-12626 (U72162, 100%) and to Pichia subpelliculosa NRRL Y-1683 (U74593, 99.8%), respectively ( Table 1). Genera of Candida, Pichia, and Zygosaccharomyces were typical salttolerant yeasts which form films at the surface of soy sauce and miso in fermentation tanks (Betts et al, 1998;Suezawa et al, 2006;Yajima et al, 1998). There have been few reports on the isolation of yeasts contaminating pickled plums, however, genera of Kloeckera, Candida, Pichia, and Debaryomyces have been isolated from Ume-zuke by Onda et al (1997).…”