Identification and selection of algae for food, feed, and fuel applications

Rajauria, Gaurav; Cornish, Lynn; Ometto, Francesco; Msuya, Flower E.; Villa, Raffaella

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-418697-2.00012-x

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 164 publications

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“…Marine-derived bioactive compounds are valuable as food and feed ingredients due to their biological activities [1]. The term "algae" includes photosynthetic organisms that are usually divided into microscopic unicellular organisms, identified as microalgae, and multicellular large-size organisms defined as macroalgae or seaweed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seaweeds in Pig Nutrition

Corino

Modina

Giancamillo

et al. 2019

Animals

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Simple Summary: In pig nutrition, alternative and safe supplements are needed to enhance the pigs' health and welfare. Natural feed components, such as herbs and plant extracts, are of great importance in animal nutrition, and marine macroalgae can be considered as supplements positively influence animal health parameters. Seaweeds possess several bioactive molecules that are studied for their prebiotic, anti-microbial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Seaweed benefits are related to their content of sulfated polysaccharides, phlorotannins, diterpenes, omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, minerals and vitamins. This paper reviews the following biological functions of seaweeds and seaweed extracts in pig nutrition: prebiotics, anti-microbial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, promoting intestinal well-being and improving digestibility.Abstract: Seaweeds are macroalgae, with different sizes, colors and composition. They consist of brown algae, red algae and green algae, which all have a different chemical composition and bioactive molecule content. The polysaccharides, laminarin and fucoidan are commonly present in brown seaweeds, ulvans are found in green seaweeds and, red algae contain a large amount of carrageenans. These bioactive compounds may have several positive effects on health in livestock. In order to reduce the antimicrobials used in livestock, research has recently focused on finding natural and sustainable molecules that boost animal performance and health. The present study thus summarizes research on the dietary integration of seaweeds in swine. In particular the influence on growth performance, nutrients digestibility, prebiotic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory activities were considered. The review highlights that brown seaweeds seem to be a promising dietary intervention in pigs in order to boost the immune system, antioxidant status and gut health. Data on the use of green seaweeds as a dietary supplementation seems to be lacking at present and merit further investigation.(Bacillariophyceae), green algae (Chlorophyceae) and golden algae (Chrysophyceae) are the most abundant but blue-green algae (Cyanophyceae) are also defined as microalgae [2]. The bioactive molecules of microalgae are used as food and feed supplements [3].Seaweeds are marine organisms and comprise thousands of species, which are classified on the basis of their pigmentation: brown seaweeds (Phaeophyceae), red seaweeds (Rhodophyceae) and green seaweeds (Chlorophyceae).There are around 1800 species of brown seaweeds include, only 1% of which are recognized from freshwater and the size range varies from 20 m to 30 cm long. The brown color of these algae is related to the main content of carotenoid fucoxanthin, which masks β-carotene, violaxanthin, diatoxanthin, and chlorophyll. The main polysaccharides are laminarin, fucoidans and alginates, and the cell walls are composed of cellulose and alginic acid [4].Like brown seaweeds, red algae (about 6100 specie...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chemical composition of brown, red and green seaweeds (on DM basis)1 . Chemical composition of brown, red and green seaweeds (on DM basis)1 . Cont.…”

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confidence: 99%

Seaweeds in Pig Nutrition

Corino

Modina

Giancamillo

et al. 2019

Animals

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“…In addition to the panoply of ecosystem services that marine microalgae and macroalgae provide, the extensive range of biotechnological exploitation and the subsequent industrial applications of these organisms as biological factories are thoroughly documented. Marine algae are being widely used ( Figure 6)-both at the molecular and organismal levels-as food [85,86] and nutraceuticals [87], animal and fish feed [86,88], biofertiliser [89], bioplastics [90], pharmaceuticals [91], cosmeceuticals [91][92][93], fluorophores [94], food colourants and textile dyes [95,96], and biofuels [16] as well as for phycoremediation [97][98][99] ( Table 1).…”

Section: Existing and Potential Applications Of Marine Algaementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The consumption of marine algae originates from countries such as Japan, China and the Republic of Korea [2,89] where several genera of marine macroalgae, such as Porphyra, Laminaria, Saccharina and Undaria, have been used as staple food since prehistoric times [115]. The marine algal metabolites such as carotenoids, fatty acids, polysaccharides, minerals, vitamins and antioxidants have enabled synergistic benefits to humans via direct consumption [86]. The concept of 'nutraceutical' encompasses nutrition and pharmaceutical whereby food products comprise supplementary aforementioned chemical compounds that are beneficial to the human society, especially in the health sector [87,116].…”

Section: Food and Nutraceuticalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Opportunities in the Present Era of Marine Algal Applications

Beetul¹,

Gopeechund²,

Kaullysing³

et al. 2016

Algae - Organisms for Imminent Biotechnology

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Marine algae are of high importance in their natural habitats and even more now in the world of green technology. The sprouting interest of the scientific community and industries in these organisms is driven by the fast-growing world of modern biotechnology. Genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and their integration collectively termed here as 'marine algal-omics' have broadened the research horizon in view of enhancing human's life by addressing environmental problems and encouraging novelty in the field of pharmaceuticals among so many more. Their use in the human society dates back to 500 B. C. in China and later across the globe; they are still being used for similar purposes and more today. There is a hiking interest in marine algae and their derivatives-from phycoremediation, food supplements, pharmaceuticals to dyes. Marine algae are currently considered as an emerging panacea for the society. They are being studied in a multitude of arenas. The multi-use of marine algae is enticing and promises to be a boon for industrial applications. Yet, most marine algae face challenges that might variably constrain their commercialisation. This chapter gives an overview of marine algae including all the 'omics' technologies involved in studying marine algae and it explores their multitude applications. It also draws the various successful industries budded around them and presents some of the challenges and opportunities along with future directions.

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“…Currently, the great recognition of the beneficial properties of algae has allowed this ingredient to be introduced as part of food and beverages, making it an important product for the food industry, additives for functional foods, feed supplements, etc. [15].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Introductory Chapter: Nutraceuticals as an Alternative to Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle

Chávarri¹

2020

Nutraceuticals - Past, Present and Future

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Identification and selection of algae for food, feed, and fuel applications

Cited by 22 publications

References 164 publications

Seaweeds in Pig Nutrition

Seaweeds in Pig Nutrition

Challenges and Opportunities in the Present Era of Marine Algal Applications

Introductory Chapter: Nutraceuticals as an Alternative to Maintain a Healthy Lifestyle

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