Identification and Quantification of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Methoxy-Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Baltic Biota

Haglund, Peter; Zook, Douglas; Buser, Hans-Rudolf; Hu, Jiwei

doi:10.1021/es9702834

Cited by 278 publications

(168 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Some species of MeO/OH-BDEs have shown equivalent toxic effects to PBDEs , so identifying their source has attracted increasing interest. These compounds were initially considered as metabolites or by-products of anthropogenic PBDEs because of the similarities in their structure (Haglund et al, 1997;Marsh et al, 2006). Some in vivo and in vitro studies have reported the biotransformation of OH-BDEs from various PBDEs (Erratico et al, 2010;Hakk et al, 2009;Malmberg et al, 2005;Qiu et al, 2007;Stapleton et al, 2009) despite the absence of OH-BDE formation in other PBDE exposure experiments (Benedict et al, 2007;Browne et al, 2009;Stapleton et al, 2006;Wan et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major sources of MeO/OH-BDEs in the East China Sea elucidated from their records and phytoplankton biomarkers

Fan

Huh

Lan

et al. 2014

Environmental Pollution

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Major sources of MeO/OH-BDEs in the East China Sea elucidated from their records and phytoplankton biomarkers

Fan

Huh

Lan

et al. 2014

Environmental Pollution

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“…Other than the debrominated diphenyl ethers (De-BDEs) metabolites, the methoxylated brominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-BDEs) metabolites were also studied among different fish species (Hardy, 2002;Hakk and Letcher, 2003). MeO-BDEs have been reported in marine fish, freshwater fish, birds and seals in the Baltic Sea area (Haglund et al, 1997;Olsson et al, 2000). Two tetra-MeO-BDEs were reported from green turtle and marine mammals from the Southern Hemisphere (Vetter, 2001;Vetter et al, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Debrominated and methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ether metabolites in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after exposure to decabromodiphenyl ether

Feng

et al. 2010

Journal of Environmental Sciences

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Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE209) is the primary component in a commonly used flame retardant. Previous studies had proved that BDE209 itself was not toxic, while its metabolites including debrominated diphenyl ethers (De-BDEs) and methoxylated brominated diphenyl ethers (MeO-BDEs) posed a potential threat to organisms. Many studies had indicated that BDE209 could metabolize quickly in mammals, but lacking in the basic data about the metabolism of BDE209 in fish. In the present study, two replicate treatment groups of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to BDE209 via a single intraperitoneal injection approximately 100 and 500 ng/g, respectively. Muscle, liver and blood samples were collected to analyze the specific metabolites on day 1 and day 28 post injection. The highest concentration of BDE209 was detected in muscle tissues, from 796.1 ng/g wet weight (day 1) to 687.1 ng/g wet weight (day 28) in high dose group, suggesting that BDE209 could accumulate slightly in muscle tissues. However, BDE209 was not detected in the blood for all treatments. Most congeners of De-BDEs were found in muscle and liver tissues, with the highest concentration in the liver. The main De-BDEs were nona-, octa-, hepta-and penta-De-BDEs. A total of seven MeO-BDE metabolites were observed among different fish tissues. Blood had the highest contribution of the MeO-BDE metabolites. Each MeO-BDE congener increased over the 28 days. These results in contrast to other studies suggested possible species-specific differences in metabolic abilities.

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“…These include several halogenated bipyrroles (Tittlemier et al, 1999;Vetter et al, 1999Vetter et al, , 2000 and a selection of hydroxylated and methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ethers (Asplund et al, 1999;Haglund et al, 1997;Malmvärn et al, 2005), none of 2 which are reported to be manufactured industrially. The bioaccumulated halogenated bipyrroles contain one of two bipyrrolic backbones.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of highly brominated analogues of Q1 in marine mammals

Teuten

Pedler

Hangsterfer

et al. 2006

Environmental Pollution

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Capsule:Three compounds bioaccumulated in marine mammals were identified as C 9 H 3 N 2 Br 6 Cl, C 9 H 3 N 2 Br 7 and C 9 H 4 N 2 Br 5 Cl and are proposed to be 1'-methyl-1,2'-bipyrrole natural products.Keywords: bioaccumulation, halogenated organic compound, high resolution mass spectrometry, halogenated bipyrrole.* Corresponding author phone: +1 (508) 289-2641; fax: +1 (508) 457-2146; email: eteuten@whoi.edu. 1 AbstractThree novel halogenated organic compounds (HOCs) have been identified in the blubber of marine mammals from coastal New England with the molecular formulae C 9 H 3 N 2 Br 6 Cl, C 9 H 3 N 2 Br 7 , and C 9 H 4 N 2 Br 5 Cl. They were identified using high and low resolution electron ionization (EI) and electron capture negative ionization (ECNI) gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) and appear to be highly brominated analogues of Q1, a heptachlorinated HOC that has been suspected to be naturally-produced. These new compounds were found in Atlantic white sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus), bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), common dolphin (Delphinus delphis), Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus), harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas), fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus), grey seal (Halichoerus grypus), harp seal (Phoca groenlandica) and a potential food source (Loligo pealei) with concentrations as high as 2.7 μg/g (lipid weight). The regiospecificity of C 9 H 3 N 2 Br 6 Cl is suggestive of a biogenic origin. Debromination of C 9 H 3 N 2 Br 6 Cl may be significant in the formation of C 9 H 4 N 2 Br 5 Cl.

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Identification and Quantification of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Methoxy-Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Baltic Biota

Cited by 278 publications

References 31 publications

Major sources of MeO/OH-BDEs in the East China Sea elucidated from their records and phytoplankton biomarkers

Major sources of MeO/OH-BDEs in the East China Sea elucidated from their records and phytoplankton biomarkers

Debrominated and methoxylated polybrominated diphenyl ether metabolites in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after exposure to decabromodiphenyl ether

Identification of highly brominated analogues of Q1 in marine mammals

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