Identification and Proof of Ownership by WatermarkingRelational Databases

Khanduja, Vidhi

doi:10.7763/ijiee.2012.v2.97

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Various attacks possible on databases are also discussed in these papers. Later, authors of [7,8,20] have proposed their own techniques to enhance this work. In [7], Cui, Qin and Sheng have proposed weighted algorithm.…”

Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The embedding process was reversible so that original values can be regained after extraction. In [20], authors have proposed a technique that marks multiple attributes with varying number of candidate bit positions within a single tuple. This results in more potential locations for embedding and hence, watermark is scattered throughout the database.…”

Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Selection of tuples: Some of the watermarking techniques embed watermark bits into all the tuples in the database [4,26,29], while some select a subset of the tuples to embed watermark bits [3,2,7,8,20,17,23,24,28]. Embedding watermark into all tuples introduce more distortion in the database as errors will now be introduced in all the tuples.…”

Section: Watermark Embeddermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ownership and Tamper Detection of Relational Data: Framework, Techniques and Security Analysis

Khanduja¹,

Chakraverty²,

Verma³

2016

Gate to Computer Science and Research

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Databases play a pivotal role in all domains of technology, encompassing data mining, medical records, stock market data, e-commerce etc. With this elevated need for databases and their wide distribution in the web sphere, their security has become a major concern today. It is in this context that watermarked protection of databases has started receiving increasing attention from researchers. We present two of the most important security concerns related to protection of relational database: (i) Ownership proof and (ii) Tamper detection. We explain the functions of various components of a Robust Watermarking Model (RWM) to resolve ownership issues and a Fragile Watermarking Model (FWM) to deal with Integrity issues. We discuss various attacks that are possible on databases and present the appropriate security solutions to overcome them.

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Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Watermark Embeddermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ownership and Tamper Detection of Relational Data: Framework, Techniques and Security Analysis

Khanduja¹,

Chakraverty²,

Verma³

2016

Gate to Computer Science and Research

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“…Reversible watermarking techniques are used to provide data integrity without incurring distortions. These techniques can be robust and fragile to avoid any alterations in the original data while preserving digital rights.…”

Section: Applications Of Reversible Watermarking For Relational Databmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Watermark detection accuracy is analyzed with alteration, insertion, and deletion attacks for text format‐based watermarking (TFBW) technique , robust and blind watermarking (RBW) technique , and blind and imperceptible watermarking (BIW) technique . These are distortion‐free and robust reversible watermarking techniques.…”

Section: Classification Of Reversible Watermarking Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

A survey on reversible watermarking techniques for relational databases

Iftikhar

Kamran

Anwar

2015

Security Comm Networks

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Over the past few years, reversible watermarking techniques for relational databases have been proposed to provide protection of ownership rights, data tempering, and data integrity. Mainly, these techniques ensure original data recovery from watermarked data, whereas irreversible watermarking schemes only protect ownership rights. This characteristic of reversible watermarking has emerged as a candidate solution for the protection of ownership rights of data, intolerable to modifications such as medical data, genetic data, credit card, and bank account data. The main objective of this paper is to make an extensive survey of the state-of-the-art in reversible watermarking techniques for relational databases to reflect recent research progress and to point out the key issues for future research. In order to analyze these techniques, a classification has been performed on the basis of (i) the extent of modifications introduced by the watermarking scheme in the underlying data and (ii) the robustness of the embedded watermark against malicious attacks.Reversible watermarking techniques [10,11,26] provide security for trial versions of database applications. The original full version of the database application can be recovered from the decoded database subsequently, dependent on whether the user purchases the license of the database application. For example, database applications providing this facility are IBM DB2 [27] and Oracle [28]. High-capacity watermarkingReversible watermarking techniques provide a mechanism to utilize the available bandwidth for maximum water-Security Comm. Networks (2015) A survey on reversible watermarking techniques for RDB mark robustness by minimizing distortions in the data and increasing watermark capacity [29,30]. With high watermark capacity, less distortion is introduced in the underlying data. High-capacity watermarking is required in critical databases such as those pertaining to military and health care domains. Original data recoveryReversible watermarking techniques provide high-quality datasets (without any alterations) for data mining and other information extraction processes [10,11,30,31]. In some relational database applications such as electronic medical records systems, data mining is used to extract patient data for decision making. As increasing amount of medical data is made available by practitioners and health care providers for conversion into digital format, cases of fraud [32] and data privacy breach crop up at an alarming rate [33]. Thus, in such shared environments, ownership and digital rights are required to be protected from illegal use by malicious users.Security Comm. Networks (2015) Ã 1 - ( 13) where (b(i; n, p) = nkp i (1p) n-i ).Security Comm. Networks (2015) Distortion-based reversible watermarking techniques introduce less distortion in the underlying data and are highly robust against malicious attacks. Distortion-free fragile watermarking techniques introduce zero distortion in the underlying data and are not robust against malicious attacks. ...

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GenInfoGuard—A Robust and Distortion-Free Watermarking Technique for Genetic Data

et al. 2015

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Genetic data, in digital format, is used in different biological phenomena such as DNA translation, mRNA transcription and protein synthesis. The accuracy of these biological phenomena depend on genetic codes and all subsequent processes. To computerize the biological procedures, different domain experts are provided with the authorized access of the genetic codes; as a consequence, the ownership protection of such data is inevitable. For this purpose, watermarks serve as the proof of ownership of data. While protecting data, embedded hidden messages (watermarks) influence the genetic data; therefore, the accurate execution of the relevant processes and the overall result becomes questionable. Most of the DNA based watermarking techniques modify the genetic data and are therefore vulnerable to information loss. Distortion-free techniques make sure that no modifications occur during watermarking; however, they are fragile to malicious attacks and therefore cannot be used for ownership protection (particularly, in presence of a threat model). Therefore, there is a need for a technique that must be robust and should also prevent unwanted modifications. In this spirit, a watermarking technique with aforementioned characteristics has been proposed in this paper. The proposed technique makes sure that: (i) the ownership rights are protected by means of a robust watermark; and (ii) the integrity of genetic data is preserved. The proposed technique—GenInfoGuard—ensures its robustness through the “watermark encoding” in permuted values, and exhibits high decoding accuracy against various malicious attacks.

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Identification and Proof of Ownership by WatermarkingRelational Databases

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Ownership and Tamper Detection of Relational Data: Framework, Techniques and Security Analysis

Ownership and Tamper Detection of Relational Data: Framework, Techniques and Security Analysis

A survey on reversible watermarking techniques for relational databases

GenInfoGuard—A Robust and Distortion-Free Watermarking Technique for Genetic Data

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