Identification and pathogenicity analysis of &lt;i&gt;Streptococcus            equinus&lt;/i&gt; FMD1, a beta-hemolytic strain isolated from forest musk deer          lung

Zhao, Wei; Yu, Dong; Cheng, Jin; Wang, Yin; Yang, Zexiao; Yao, Xueping; Luo, Yan

doi:10.1292/jvms.19-0566

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Pulmonary fibrosis is the final stage of many lung diseases in humans, which have also been described in dogs, cats, horses and FMD ( Zhang, Wang & Lin, 1997 ; Zhao et al, 2020 ; Williams, 2014 ; Marenzoni et al, 2011 ). In this study, five FMD were found suffering from BIPF.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The population of captive FMD has been hampered by bacterial pneumonia, which accounts for 50% of all deaths. Specifically, pulmonary fibrosis has been presented in almost all of the bacterial pneumonia FMD ( Zhang, Wang & Lin, 1997 ; Zhao et al, 2020 ). Pulmonary fibrosis is one of the respiratory refractory diseases affecting human and animal health ( Williams, 2014 ), which is a progressive fatal disease accompanied by the inflammatory response, excessive proliferation of fibroblast cell, and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) ( Williams, 2014 ; Hsu et al, 2017 ; Wang et al, 2021a ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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MicroRNA let-7f-5p regulates PI3K/AKT/COX2 signaling pathway in bacteria-induced pulmonary fibrosis via targeting of PIK3CA in forest musk deer

Zhao

Cheng²,

Luo

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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Background Recent studies have characterized that microRNA (miRNA) is a suitable candidate for the study of bleomycin/LPS-induced pulmonary fibrosis, but the knowledge on miRNA in bacteria-induced pulmonary fibrosis (BIPF) is limited. Forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii, FMD) is an important endangered species that has been seriously affected by BIPF. We sought to determine whether miRNA exist that modulates the pathogenesis of BIPF in FMD. Methods High-throughput sequencing and RT-qPCR were used to determine the differentially expressed miRNAs (DEmiRNAs) in the blood of BIPF FMD. The DEmiRNAs were further detected in the blood and lung of BIPF model rat by RT-qPCR, and the targeting relationship between candidate miRNA and its potential target gene was verified by dual-luciferase reporter activity assay. Furthermore, the function of the candidate miRNA was verified in the FMD lung fibroblast cells (FMD-C1). Results Here we found that five dead FMD were suffered from BIPF, and six circulating miRNAs (miR-30g, let-7f-5p, miR-27-3p, miR-25-3p, miR-9-5p and miR-652) were differentially expressed in the blood of the BIPF FMD. Of these, let-7f-5p showed reproducibly lower level in the blood and lung of the BIPF model rat, and the expression levels of PI3K/AKT/COX2 signaling pathway genes (PIK3CA, PDK1, Akt1, IKBKA, NF-κB1 and COX2) were increased in the lung of BIPF model rats, suggesting that there is a potential correlation between BIPF and the PI3K/AKT/COX2 signaling pathway. Notably, using bioinformatic prediction and experimental verification, we demonstrated that let-7f-5p is conserved across mammals, and the seed sequence of let-7f-5p displays perfect complementarity with the 3’ UTR of PIK3CA gene and the expression of the PIK3CA gene was regulated by let-7f-5p. In order to determine the regulatory relationship between let-7f-5p and the PI3K/AKT/COX2 signaling pathway in FMD, we successfully cultured FMD-C1, and found that let-7f-5p could act as a negative regulator for the PI3K/Akt/COX2 signaling pathway in FMD-C1. Collectively, this study not only provided a study strategy for non-invasive research in pulmonary disease in rare animals, but also laid a foundation for further research in BIPF.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MicroRNA let-7f-5p regulates PI3K/AKT/COX2 signaling pathway in bacteria-induced pulmonary fibrosis via targeting of PIK3CA in forest musk deer

Zhao

Cheng²,

Luo

et al. 2022

PeerJ

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“…Concerning the β‐h/c‐dependent β‐hemolysis in S. agalactiae , a nonhemolytic strain with the disruption of cylA gene by IS1381A insertion and a frameshift mutation in cylE gene was reported recently 34 . In addition, although β‐h/c is generally specific for S. agalactiae , it was also recently reported that the cyl operon composed of 12 ORFs was found in the genome of S. equinus FMD1 35 …”

Section: Distribution Of β‐Hemolysin‐encoding Gene In Streptococcimentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of β‐hemolysins produced by the human opportunistic streptococci

Tabata

Nagamune

2021

Microbiology and Immunology

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The genus Streptococcus infects a broad range of hosts, including humans. Some species, such as S. pyogenes, S. agalactiae, S. pneumoniae, and S. mutans, are recognized as the major human pathogens, and their pathogenicity toward humans has been investigated. However, many of other streptococcal species have been recognized as opportunistic pathogens in humans, and their clinical importance has been underestimated. In our previous study, the Anginosus group streptococci (AGS) and Mitis group streptococci (MGS) showed clear β‐hemolysis on blood agar, and the factors responsible for the hemolysis were homologs of two types of β‐hemolysins, cholesterol‐dependent cytolysin (CDC) and streptolysin S (SLS). In contrast to the regular β‐hemolysins produced by streptococci (typical CDCs and SLSs), genetically, structurally, and functionally atypical β‐hemolysins have been observed in AGS and MGS. These atypical β‐hemolysins are thought to affect and contribute to the pathogenic potential of opportunistic streptococci mainly inhabiting the human oral cavity. In this review, we introduce the diverse characteristics of β‐hemolysin produced by opportunistic streptococci, focusing on the species/strains belonging to AGS and MGS, and discuss their pathogenic potential.

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“…The forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii) is a medium-sized mammal found in alpine forests (Zhao et al, 2011;Zhao et al, 2020a). This deer (Moschus spp.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation and molecular identification of Eimeria sp. sampled from captive forest musk deer

Ren

Zhao

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Forest musk deer (Moschus berezovskii) is an endangered, protected species in China. Intestinal coccidiosis is a significant problem for captive forest musk deer. However, there are few reports on the prevalence and molecular characteristics of Eimeria sp. in forest musk deer. We sought to investigate the prevalence of Eimeria sp. in forest musk deer in the Sichuan and Shaanxi provinces in China. We also investigated the molecular characteristics of Eimeria sp. by analyzing the 18S rRNA gene. We collected a total of 328 fecal samples from forest musk deer on seven farms throughout the Sichuan and Shaanxi provinces. We extracted this parasite’s DNA and used this as a template for nested PCR amplification. The 18S rRNA gene fragment was associated with the plasmid vector, and these products were introduced into Escherichia coli (DH5α). The cultured bacterial solution was used as a PCR reaction template for identification purposes. We collected 328 fecal samples from forest musk deer in Lixian (n = 54), Maoxian (n = 52), Ma’erkang (n = 49), Dujiangyan (n = 55), Hanyuan (n = 41), Luding (n = 36) and Weinan (n = 41). One hundred ninety-eight (60.37%) fecal samples tested positive for Eimeria sp. . In our analysis of the 18S rRNA gene we found 34 types of Eimeria sp. with a similarity of 90.5–100%. We constructed a phylogenetic tree based on the parasite’s 18S rRNA gene sequence. Our findings indicated that the Eimeria sp. that parasitized the intestinal tract of forest musk deer was closely related to Eimeria alabamensis from Bos taurus and Eimeria ahsata from Ovis aries. To the best of our knowledge, ours was the first investigation and molecular identification of Eimeria sp. sampled from captive forest musk deer in China. Our results provide epidemiological data for the monitoring and prevention of Eimeria sp. in captive forest musk deer.

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Identification and pathogenicity analysis of <i>Streptococcus equinus</i> FMD1, a beta-hemolytic strain isolated from forest musk deer lung

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

MicroRNA let-7f-5p regulates PI3K/AKT/COX2 signaling pathway in bacteria-induced pulmonary fibrosis via targeting of PIK3CA in forest musk deer

MicroRNA let-7f-5p regulates PI3K/AKT/COX2 signaling pathway in bacteria-induced pulmonary fibrosis via targeting of PIK3CA in forest musk deer

Diversity of β‐hemolysins produced by the human opportunistic streptococci

Investigation and molecular identification of Eimeria sp. sampled from captive forest musk deer

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