IDENTIFICATION AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF A PEPTIDOGLYCAN RECOGNITION PROTEIN FROM THE COTTON BOLLWORM, <i>Helicoverpa armigera</i>

Li, Li; Li, Yuping; Song, Caixia; Xiao, Min; Wang, Jialin; Liu, Xusheng

doi:10.1002/arch.21174

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…We have identified nine putative PGRP transcripts in H. armigera transcriptome and have named them as HaPGRP-SA1 , − SA2 , − SB1 , − SB2 , − SD , − LA , − LB , − LC , − LD , in accordance with PGRP nomenclature from other insects (Figure 3 , in Additional file 6 : Table S5) [ 17 ]. The mRNA abundances of H. armigera PGRP-SA1, −SB1, and -SD increased in response to the bacterial infection, and their roles in bacteria agglutination and growth inhibition have been characterized as well [ 30 ]. Multiple sequence alignment suggested that PGRP-SB1 , − SB2 , − SD contains all the five active site residues (H, Y, H, T, C) essential for amidase activity, indicating that they can not only bind but also degrade peptidoglycan (in Additional file 1 : Figure S5).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High throughput profiling of the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera immunotranscriptome during the fungal and bacterial infections

et al. 2015

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BackgroundInnate immunity is essential in defending against invading pathogens in invertebrates. The cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) is one of the most destructive lepidopteran pests, which causes enormous economic losses in agricultural production worldwide. The components of the immune system are largely unknown in this insect. The application of entomopathogens is considered as an alternative to the chemical insecticides for its control. However, few studies have focused on the molecular mechanisms of host-pathogen interactions between pest insects and their pathogens. Here, we investigated the immunotranscriptome of H. armigera larvae and examined gene expression changes after pathogen infections. This study provided insights into the potential immunity-related genes and pathways in H. armigera larvae.ResultsHere, we adopted a high throughput RNA-seq approach to determine the immunotranscriptome of H. armigera larvae injected with buffer, fungal pathogen Beauveria bassiana, or Gram-negative bacterium Enterobacter cloacae. Based on sequence similarity to those homologs known to participate in immune responses in other insects, we identified immunity-related genes encoding pattern recognition receptors, signal modulators, immune effectors, and nearly all members of the Toll, IMD and JAK/STAT pathways. The RNA-seq data indicated that some immunity-related genes were activated in fungus- and bacterium-challenged fat body while others were suppressed in B. bassiana challenged hemocytes, including the putative IMD and JAK-STAT pathway members. Bacterial infection elevated the expression of recognition and modulator genes in the fat body and signal pathway genes in hemocytes. Although fat body and hemocytes both are important organs involved in the immune response, our transcriptome analysis revealed that more immunity-related genes were induced in the fat body than that hemocytes. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR analysis confirmed that, consistent with the RNA-seq data, the transcript abundances of putative PGRP-SA1, Serpin1, Toll-14, and Spz2 genes were elevated in fat body upon B. bassiana infection, while the mRNA levels of defensin, moricin1, and gloverin1 were up-regulated in hemocytes.ConclusionsIn this study, a global survey of the host defense against fungal and bacterial infection was performed on the non-model lepidopteran pest species. The comprehensive sequence resource and expression profiles of the immunity-related genes in H. armigera are acquired. This study provided valuable information for future functional investigations as well as development of specific and effective agents to control this pest.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-1509-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

High throughput profiling of the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera immunotranscriptome during the fungal and bacterial infections

et al. 2015

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“…Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeling of bacteria ( E. coli and S. aureus , 1 × 10 8 cells/ml) was performed according to the method reported by Li, Li, Song, et al. (). Then, FITC‐labeled bacterial suspension (10 μl) was combined with MdCTL1 or MdCTL2 (600 μg/ml, 20 μl) in the presence or absence of 10 mM CaCl 2 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gram-negative bacteria E. coli and Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus were used to measure the agglutinating activity of MdCTL1 and MdCTL2 using the method described by Wang et al (2012). Fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) labeling of bacteria (E. coli and S. aureus, 1 × 10 8 cells/ml) was performed according to the method reported by Li, Li, Song, et al (2014). Then, FITC-labeled bacterial suspension (10 l) was combined with MdCTL1 or MdCTL2…”

Section: Agglutination Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and characterization of two novel C‐type lectins from the larvae of housefly, Musca domestica L.

Zhou

Fang

Zheng

et al. 2018

Arch Insect Biochem Physiol

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Lectins and antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are widely distributed in various insects and play crucial roles in primary host defense against pathogenic microorganisms. Two AMPs (cecropin and attacin) have been identified and characterized in the larvae of housefly. In this study, two novel C-type lectins (CTLs) were obtained from Musca domestica, while their agglutinating and antiviral properties were evaluated. Real-time PCR analysis showed that the mRNA levels of four immune genes (MdCTL1, MdCTL2, Cecropin, and Attacin) from M. domestica were significantly upregulated after injection with killed Gram-negative Escherichia coli. Moreover, purified MdCTL1-2 proteins can agglutinate E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus in the presence of calcium ions, suggesting their immune function is Ca dependent. Sequence analysis indicated that typical WND and QPD motifs were found in the Ca -binding site 2 of carbohydrate recognition domain from MdCTL1-2, which was consistent with their agglutinating activities. Subsequently, antiviral experiments indicated that MdCTL1-2 proteins could significantly reduce the infection rate of Spodoptera frugiperda 9 cells by the baculovirus Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus, indicating they might play important roles in insect innate immunity against microbial pathogens. In addition, MdCTL1-2 proteins could effectively inhibit the replication of influenza H N virus, which was similar to the effect of ribavirin. These results suggested that two novel CTLs could be considered a promising drug candidate for the treatment of influenza. Moreover, it is believed that the discovery of the CTLs with antiviral effects in M. domestica will improve our understanding of the molecular mechanism of insect immune response against viruses.

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“…FITC labeling of bacteria was performed using the method described by Li et al (2014). In brief, heat-killed E. coli (10 9 cells/ml) were incubated in carbonate buffer (0.1 M Na2CO3, 0.1 M NaHCO3, pH 9.6) containing FITC (0.5 mg/ml) for 1 h in the dark.…”

Section: Phagocytosis Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Rab3 is involved in cellular immune responses of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera

Li¹,

Song²,

Li³

et al. 2015

Developmental & Comparative Immunology

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IDENTIFICATION AND FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERIZATION OF A PEPTIDOGLYCAN RECOGNITION PROTEIN FROM THE COTTON BOLLWORM, Helicoverpa armigera

Cited by 20 publications

References 52 publications

High throughput profiling of the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera immunotranscriptome during the fungal and bacterial infections

High throughput profiling of the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera immunotranscriptome during the fungal and bacterial infections

Identification and characterization of two novel C‐type lectins from the larvae of housefly, Musca domestica L.

Rab3 is involved in cellular immune responses of the cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera

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