Identification and Fine Mapping of a White Husk Gene in Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)

Abstract

Barley is the only crop in the Poaceae family with adhering husks at maturity. The color of husk at barely development stage could influence the agronomic traits and malting qualities of grains. A barley mutant with a white husk was discovered from the malting barley cultivar Supi 3 and designated wh (white husk). Morphological changes and the genetics of white husk barley were investigated. Husks of the mutant were white at the heading and flowering stages but yellowed at maturity. The diastatic power and α-amino nitrogen contents also significantly increased in wh mutant. Transmission electron microscopy examination showed abnormal chloroplast development in the mutant. Genetic analysis of F2 and BC1F1 populations developed from a cross of wh and Yangnongpi 5 (green husk) showed that the white husk was controlled by a single recessive gene (wh). The wh gene was initially mapped between 49.64 and 51.77 cM on chromosome 3H, which is syntenic with rice chromosome 1 where a white husk gene wlp1 has been isolated. The barley orthologous gene of wlp1 was sequenced from both parents and a 688 bp deletion identified in the wh mutant. We further fine-mapped the wh gene between SSR markers Bmac0067 and Bmag0508a with distances of 0.36 cM and 0.27 cM in an F2 population with 1115 individuals of white husk. However, the wlp1 orthologous gene was mapped outside the interval. New candidate genes were identified based on the barley genome sequence.

Mutations in a Golden2-Like Gene Cause Reduced Seed Weight in Barley albino lemma 1 Mutants

“…Franckowiak and Lundqvist (2016) assigned the alm1.f allele symbol to the white husk (wh) mutant of a Chinese malting barley cv. Supi 3, but this mutant was reported as showing small yellow spots on leaves (Hua et al 2016), unlike the ten alm1 mutants without leaf spots examined for the present study. Consequently, the wh mutant requires confirmation by an allelism test and gene sequencing.…”

“…To date, 11 alm1 or alm1-like mutants have been catalogued (Franckowiack and Lundqvist, 2016). The causal gene for alm1 remains unknown despite recent intensive molecular genetic approaches (Hua et al 2016, Shmakov et al 2016).…”

Influence of nutritional status on postoperative outcome in patients with colorectal cancer – the emerging role of the microbiome

“…Obesity with the intake of a high-fat, low-fiber diet may induce microbiota changes with a shift in the bacterial diversity and act as a possible initiator for carcinogenesis [3]. In comparison with matched controls, strong microbe-metabolite correlations were found in colorectal cancer cases, predominated by Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria [4].…”