Identification and expression pattern of a <scp>g</scp>lutathione <scp>S</scp>‐transferase in <i><scp>E</scp>chinochloa crus‐galli</i>

Li, G; Wu, Shenggan; Yu, Ruixian; Cang, Tao; Chen, L P; Zhao, Xueping; Cai, Leiming; Wu, Chang

doi:10.1111/wre.12031

Cited by 28 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 25 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…Enhanced activities of phase II enzymes like GSTs and glucosyltransferases (GTs) are associated with herbicide resistance in several weedy species . Recent transcriptome analyses of HR and MHR populations have identified a number of glutathione‐related transcripts associated with resistance .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensive herbicide use has selected for constitutively elevated levels of stress‐responsive mRNAs and proteins in multiple herbicide‐resistant Avena fatua L

Keith

Burns

Bothner

et al. 2017

Pest Management Science

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensive herbicide use has selected for constitutively elevated levels of stress‐responsive mRNAs and proteins in multiple herbicide‐resistant Avena fatua L

Keith

Burns

Bothner

et al. 2017

Pest Management Science

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“…Alternatively, since the biological half-life of NBD-Cl in waterhemp tissues is not known, it may be possible that NBD-Cl is more rapidly degraded in MCR than in ACR. Studying the expression patterns (Cummins et al, 2013;Li et al, 2013), specific activity (Gronwald et al, 1989;Anderson and Gronwald, 1991;Giménez-Espinosa et al, 1996;Gray et al, 1996), and potential inducibility (Jachetta and Radosevich, 1981;Dean et al, 1991;Woodyard et al, 2009b) of GST(s) that metabolize atrazine in ACR and MCR leaves, stems, and roots may assist in understanding the physiological basis for different levels of sensitivity to atrazine PRE between ACR and MCR. Along these lines, current research in our laboratory is investigating the hypothesis that similar but distinct GSTbased NTSR mechanisms for atrazine occur in these two waterhemp populations (Evans et al, 2013).…”

Section: Atrazine Postemergence Activity With the Gst Inhibitor Nbd-clmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Responses to Preemergence and Postemergence Atrazine in Two Atrazine‐Resistant Waterhemp Populations

Evans

Riechers

2016

Agronomy Journal

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Waterhemp [Amaranthus tuberculatus (Moq) Sauer] is a difficult‐to‐control dicot weed in the United States. Atrazine [6‐chloro‐N‐ethyl‐N’‐(1‐methylethyl)‐1,3,5‐triazine‐2,4‐diamine] is commonly used for preemergence (PRE) and postemergence (POST) waterhemp control in maize (Zea mays L.). Previous research reported that atrazine metabolism via glutathione S‐transferase (GST) activity contributes to atrazine POST resistance in two waterhemp populations from Illinois, designated MCR (McLean County, Illinois, resistant) and ACR (Adams County, Illinois, resistant). Objectives were to quantify responses of these populations to atrazine PRE and determine if the combination of a GST inhibitor and atrazine PRE or POST increases their control. Dose‐response analyses indicated MCR was resistant to atrazine PRE relative to ACR or WCS (Wayne County sensitive; herbicide‐sensitive population), despite MCR and ACR exhibiting equivalent levels of atrazine resistance POST. The ACR response to atrazine PRE (LD50) was intermediate compared with MCR and WCS. Seedling survival of ACR was reduced by 4‐chloro‐7‐nitrobenzofurazan (NDB‐Cl; a GST inhibitor) and atrazine PRE more than atrazine PRE alone, but not in MCR. Atrazine following NBD‐Cl applied POST inhibited seedling growth in ACR, but not in MCR. Enhanced atrazine activity with NBD‐Cl further supports rapid metabolism via GSTs as the main atrazine‐resistance mechanism in ACR. GST(s) that metabolize atrazine in MCR may not have been completely inhibited by NBD‐Cl, indicating that similar yet distinct atrazine‐resistance mechanisms exist in MCR compared to ACR. In conclusion, atrazine PRE (with or without NBD‐Cl) still controls ACR when applied at typical field‐use rates in maize, but the length of residual activity may be shorter than in sensitive populations.Core Ideas Two waterhemp populations are resistant to atrazine POST due to increased metabolism by GST enzymes. Since atrazine can also be soil applied, quantifying the levels of resistance in these populations is important for weed management in maize. The MCR population was resistant to atrazine PRE and displayed a higher level of resistance to atrazine PRE than the ACR population. NBD‐Cl, a metabolic inhibitor of GST enzymes, enhanced atrazine activity in the ACR population but not MCR. The length of residual activity of atrazine may be shorter for controlling these populations in maize compared with sensitive populations.

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“…In rice, overexpression of the GSTL1 or GSTL2 genes led to greater tolerance to chlorsulfuron and glyphosate (Hu, Qv, Xiao, & Huang, 2009;Hu, 2014). Likewise, the greater expression of the GST1 gene has been related with resistance of E. crus-galli plants to quinclorac (Li et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Expression of Genes Associated With Degradation Enhancement of Imazethapyr in Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli)

Dalazen¹,

Markus²,

Merotto³

2018

JAS

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The understanding of mechanism of herbicide resistance in weeds is essential for adequate or innovative weed management practices. The aim of this study was to identify and analyze the expression of genes related to degradation enhancement of imazethapyr in barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli L. Beauv.). One susceptible (SUSSP01) and two populations previouslly identified as resistant to imazethapyr (ARRGR01 and PALMS01) were used. Gene expression of CYP and GST, the translation initiating factor eIF4B, and ALS genes were evaluated after imazethapyr spraying. A reference gene stability analysis was carried out, wherein the genes 18S and actin showed to be more stable in response to the population and herbicide treatment. The gene expression analysis was performed by qRT-PCR. There was no difference in the relative expression of the ALS gene. The CYP81A6 and GSTF1 genes showed higher relative expression in the resistant populations. The CYP81A6 gene had expression 9.61 and 8.44 higher in the resistant populations ARRGR01 and PALMS01, respectively, in comparison with the untreated susceptible population. The expression of this gene was induced by spraying the herbicide imazethapyr. The GSTF1 gene showed higher relative expression in PALMS01 population, reaching 12.30 times higher in plants treated with imazethapyr in relation to untreated susceptible population. The expression of eIF4B gene in the resistant populations treated with imazethapyr was about six times higher than observed in susceptible population. The high relative expression of CYP81A6 and GSTF1 genes indicate the importance of degradation enhancement for the resistance of barnyargrass to imazethapyr.

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Identification and expression pattern of a glutathione S‐transferase in Echinochloa crus‐galli

Cited by 28 publications

References 25 publications

Intensive herbicide use has selected for constitutively elevated levels of stress‐responsive mRNAs and proteins in multiple herbicide‐resistant Avena fatua L

Intensive herbicide use has selected for constitutively elevated levels of stress‐responsive mRNAs and proteins in multiple herbicide‐resistant Avena fatua L

Differential Responses to Preemergence and Postemergence Atrazine in Two Atrazine‐Resistant Waterhemp Populations

Differential Expression of Genes Associated With Degradation Enhancement of Imazethapyr in Barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli)

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