Identification and Expression of the SOS Response, aidB-Like, Gene in the Marine Sponge Geodia cydonium: Implication for the Phylogenetic Relationships of Metazoan Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenases and Acyl-CoA Oxidases

Krasko, Anatoli; Schröder, Heinz C.; Hassanein, Hamdy; Batel, Renato; Müller, Isabel M.; Müller, Werner

doi:10.1007/pl00006392

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The second outgroup contained sequences of aidB genes encoding proteins involved in adaptive response to DNA damage by preventing N -methyl- N ′-nitro- N -nitrosoguanidine-mediated mutagenesis (Landini et al 1994). The ACADs, ACOXs, and aidB proteins exhibit a significant sequence and structural similarity, indicating their descent from a common ancestor (Krasko et al 1998; Nandy et al 1996). Several additional criteria considering residues important for acyl-CoA and FAD binding were used in homology assessment (below).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenases: Dynamic History of Protein Family Evolution

2009

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The acyl-CoA dehydrogenases (ACADs) are enzymes that catalyze the α,β-dehydrogenation of acyl-CoA esters in fatty acid and amino acid catabolism. Eleven ACADs are now recognized in the sequenced human genome, and several homologs have been reported from bacteria, fungi, plants, and nematodes. We performed a systematic comparative genomic study, integrating homology searches with methods of phylogenetic reconstruction, to investigate the evolutionary history of this family. Sequence analyses indicate origin of the family in the common ancestor of Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukaryota, illustrating its essential role in the metabolism of early life. At least three ACADs were already present at that time: ancestral glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase (GCD), isovaleryl-CoA dehydrogenase (IVD), and ACAD10/11. Two gene duplications were unique to the eukaryotic domain: one resulted in the VLCAD and ACAD9 paralogs and another in the ACAD10 and ACAD11 paralogs. The overall patchy distribution of specific ACADs across the tree of life is the result of dynamic evolution that includes numerous rounds of gene duplication and secondary losses, interdomain lateral gene transfer events, alteration of cellular localization, and evolution of novel proteins by domain acquisition. Our finding that eukaryotic ACAD species are more closely related to bacterial ACADs is consistent with endosymbiotic origin of ACADs in eukaryotes and further supported by the localization of all nine previously studied ACADs in mitochondria.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenases: Dynamic History of Protein Family Evolution

2009

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“…Several protection systems against radiation have been described; e.g. the (6-4) photolyase system (Krasko et al, 2003b) or the SOS-response-like mechanism (Krasko et al, 1998), and numerous is the literature on protection systems against environmental stress (e.g. Efremova et al, 2002).…”

Section: Role Of Silicon and Silicatementioning

confidence: 99%

The unique skeleton of siliceous sponges (Porifera; Hexactinellida and Demospongiae) that evolved first from the Urmetazoa during the Proterozoic: a review

Müller

Schröder³

et al. 2007

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Sponges (phylum Porifera) had been considered as an enigmatic phylum, prior to the analysis of their genetic repertoire/tool kit. Already with the isolation of the first adhesion molecule, galectin, it became clear that the sequences of sponge cell surface receptors and of molecules forming the intracellular signal transduction pathways triggered by them, share high similarity with those identified in other metazoan phyla. These studies demonstrated that all metazoan phyla, including Porifera, originate from one common ancestor, the Urmetazoa. The sponges evolved prior to the EdiacaranCambrian boundary (542 million years ago [myr]) during two major "snowball earth events", the Sturtian glaciation (710 to 680 myr) and the Varanger-Marinoan ice ages (605 to 585 myr). During this period the ocean was richer in silica due to the silicate weathering. The oldest sponge fossils (Hexactinellida) have been described from Australia, China and Mongolia and are thought to have existed coeval with the diverse Ediacara fauna. Only little younger are the fossils discovered in the Sansha section in Hunan (Early Cambrian; China). It has been proposed that only the sponges possessed the genetic repertoire to cope with the adverse conditions, e.g. temperature-protection molecules or proteins protecting them against ultraviolet radiation.The skeletal elements of the Hexactinellida (model organisms Monorhaphis chuni and Monorhaphis intermedia or Hyalonema sieboldi) and Demospongiae (models Suberites domuncula and Geodia cydonium), the spicules, are formed enzymatically by the anabolic enzyme silicatein and the catabolic enzyme silicase. Both, the spicules of Hexactinellida and of Demospongiae, comprise a central axial canal and Correspondence to: W. E. G. Müller (wmueller@uni-mainz.de) an axial filament which harbors the silicatein. After intracellular formation of the first lamella around the channel and the subsequent extracellular apposition of further lamellae the spicules are completed in a net formed of collagen fibers.The data summarized here substantiate that with the finding of silicatein a new aera in the field of bio/inorganic chemistry started. For the first time strategies could be formulated and experimentally proven that allow the formation/synthesis of inorganic structures by organic molecules. These findings are not only of importance for the further understanding of basic pathways in the body plan formation of sponges but also of eminent importance for applied/commercial processes in a sustainable use of biomolecules for novel bio/inorganic materials.

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“…As biomarkers for the detection of environmental stress the heat shock proteins, HSP70 (Koziol et al 1996, Schroder et al 1999 and DnaJ (Koziol et al 1997), or putative SOS proteins, e.g. the AidB-like protein (Krasko et al 1998), were used.…”

Section: Application Of Primmorphs Bioindicatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishment of a primary cell culture from a sponge:primmorphs from Suberites domuncula

Müller¹,

Wiens²,

Batel³

et al. 1999

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

173

155

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In spite of the fact that cells from the phylum Porifera (sponges) contaln high levels of telomerase activity, no successful approach to cultivate sponge cells has yet been described Telomerase is the enzyme which catalyzes the addition of new telomeres onto chromosome ends which have been lost after each round of DNA synthesis. One reason may be seen in the observation that after dissociation the cells lose their telomerase activity. In addition, no nutrients and metabolites have been identified that would stimulate sponge cells to divide. We report here the culture conditions required for the formation of multicellular aggregates from Suberites domuncula from dissociated single cells; they are termed pnmrnorphs. These aggregates, formed in seawater supplemented with antibiotics, have a tissue-like appearance; they have been cultured for more than 5 mo. Cross sections through the primmorphs revealed an organized zonation into a distinct unicellular epithelium-like layer of pinacocytes and a central zone composed primarily of spherulous cells. After their assoclatlon into primmorphs, the cells turn from the telomerase-negative state to the telomerase-positive state. Important is the finding that a major fraction of the cells in the primmorphs undergo DNA synthesis and hence have the capacity to divide. By applying the BrdU (5-brorno-2'-deoxy-uridine)-labeling and detection assay it is demonstrated that up to 33.8% of the cells in the pnrnmorphs are labeled with BrdU after an incubation period of 12 h. It is proposed that the primmorph system described here is a powerful novel model system to study basic mechanisms of cell proliferation and cell death; it can also be used in aquaculture, for the production of bioactive compounds and as a bioindicator system.

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Identification and Expression of the SOS Response, aidB-Like, Gene in the Marine Sponge Geodia cydonium: Implication for the Phylogenetic Relationships of Metazoan Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenases and Acyl-CoA Oxidases

Cited by 15 publications

References 37 publications

Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenases: Dynamic History of Protein Family Evolution

Acyl-CoA Dehydrogenases: Dynamic History of Protein Family Evolution

The unique skeleton of siliceous sponges (Porifera; Hexactinellida and Demospongiae) that evolved first from the Urmetazoa during the Proterozoic: a review

Establishment of a primary cell culture from a sponge:primmorphs from Suberites domuncula

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