Identification and Expression Analysis of QM-Like Gene From Spodoptera litura After Challenge by the Entomopathogenic Fungus Nomuraea rileyi

Li, Yan; Wang, Zhongkang; Chen, Huan; Feng, Eryan; Yin, Yue

doi:10.1093/jisesa/ieu062

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 36 publications

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“…The quicker response of BmQM to fungus may be related to the rapid secretion of QM proteins involved in the primary humoral immune phase of the PO cascade system. Similarly, in S. litura , the expression of SpLQM increased faster in haemocytes than in fat bodies after entomopathogenic fungus Nomuraea rileyi challenge (Li et al ., ). Although the activation level and sensitive time of BmQM are inconsistent when confronted with different microorganisms, the results suggested that the BmQM gene is involved in insect immune response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A QM protein from Bombyx mori negatively regulates prophenoloxidase activation and melanization by interacting with Jun protein

Zhou

Chen

et al. 2019

Insect Molecular Biology

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The QM gene that encodes for the ribosomal protein L10 was firstly identified from human tumour cells as a tumour suppressor. In this study, a QM gene was identified in silkworm Bombyx mori (BmQM) and its immunomodulatory function was explored. BmQM messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein were highly expressed in the silk gland and fat body, and expressed in all stages of silkworm growth. After challenged with four different microorganisms, the expression levels of BmQM mRNA in fat body or haemocytes were significantly upregulated compared with the control. After knock‐down of BmQM gene, the expressions of some immune genes (PGRPS6, Gloverin0, Lysozyme and Moricin) were affected, and the transcripts of prophenoloxidase1 and prophenoloxidase2 have different degrees of change. The phenoloxidase activity was significantly reduced when the purified recombinant BmQM protein was injected. Recombinant BmQM protein inhibited systemic melanization and suppressed prophenoloxidase activation stimulated by Micrococcus luteus, but it did not affect phenoloxidase activity. Far‐western blotting assays showed that the BmQM protein interacted with silkworm BmJun protein, which negatively regulates AP‐1 expression. Our results indicated that BmQM protein could affect some immune gene expression and negatively regulate the prophenoloxidase‐activating system, and it may play an important role in regulation of the innate immunity in insects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

A QM protein from Bombyx mori negatively regulates prophenoloxidase activation and melanization by interacting with Jun protein

Zhou

Chen

et al. 2019

Insect Molecular Biology

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Knockdown of dorsal/relish increases larvae susceptibility to microbes in Spodoptera litura

Cai

Guo

et al. 2019

Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology

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Pathogenicity and in vivo Development of Metarhizium rileyi Against Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae

Liu

Zhao

et al. 2019

Journal of Economic Entomology

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Metarhizium rileyi, a well-known entomopathogenic fungus, could open up new vistas in biological control of insect pests; however, due to its intrinsic shortcomings, such as long pathogenic process, its application is largely limited. To explore which process, the invasion or the following in vivo development, is the main factor responsible for the long pathogenic process, the lethal effect of M. rileyi against Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) was determined by conidial topical application and hyphae body injection, and the host immune response was also monitored. Results showed when larvae were inoculated by conidial topical application, the pathogenicity of M. rileyi varied greatly depending on the larval instar and conidia concentration, and LC50 values ranged from 6.24 × 106 to 6.06 × 109 conidia/ml while LT50 values fluctuated from 4.35 to 9.43 d. However, in vivo study showed when hyphal bodies (Hbs) of M. rileyi were injected into host hemocoel, they would not be recognized by the host’s immune system as invaders. There were no significant differences in the hemocytes and phenoloxidase activity between the infected and control larvae at the initial 44 h, indicated that the fungus was able to successfully avoid the attack from the cellular and humoral immune systems, therefore, it could multiply freely in the hemocoel. The in vivo development time of M. rileyi tended to remain constant for 2–3 d regardless of the initial inoculated numbers. Considering no detectable defense response was observed during in vivo development, it can be concluded that host nonself-recognition system does not respond to the hemolymph borne-Hbs.

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Identification and Expression Analysis of QM-Like Gene From Spodoptera litura After Challenge by the Entomopathogenic Fungus Nomuraea rileyi

Cited by 3 publications

References 36 publications

A QM protein from Bombyx mori negatively regulates prophenoloxidase activation and melanization by interacting with Jun protein

A QM protein from Bombyx mori negatively regulates prophenoloxidase activation and melanization by interacting with Jun protein

Knockdown of dorsal/relish increases larvae susceptibility to microbes in Spodoptera litura

Pathogenicity and in vivo Development of Metarhizium rileyi Against Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae

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