Identification and comparison of natural rubber from two Lactuca species

Bushman, B. Shaun; Scholte, Andrew A.; Cornish, Katrina; Scott, Deborah J.; Brichta, Jenny L.; Vederas, John C.; Ochoa, O.; Michelmore, Richard W.; Shintani, David K.; Knapp, Steven J.

doi:10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.09.012

Cited by 61 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…RNA was isolated according to the manufacturer's protocol. First strand cDNA was synthesized using SuperScript III reverse transcriptase (Invitrogen) and oligo(dT) [12][13][14][15][16][17][18] primer (Invitrogen) using 1-5 g of total RNA. Quantitative real time PCR (qRT-PCR) was performed (Step One Real-Time PCR System; Applied Biosystems, Carlsbad, CA) using Power SYBER Green PCR Master Mix (Applied Biosystems), 5 M primer, and cDNA template (equivalent to 5 ng of total RNA) in a reaction volume of 10 l. The qRT-PCR program was 1 cycle of 95°C for 10 min and 40 cycles of 95°C for 15 s and 58°C for 1 min.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Isolation of Rubber Particles and Proteomics-Latex was collected as described (15) in ice-cold latex collection buffer. The samples were centrifuged at 10,000 ϫ g for 2 min at 4°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, dandelion (Taraxacum spp. ), lettuce (Lactuca sativa), and guayule (Parthenium argentatum) can synthesize NR of more than 1 million g/mol M w (15)(16)(17). Although shorter than rubber tree NR, other Asteraceae plants, such as sunflower (Helianthus spp.)…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It was reported that an annual, transformable plant species, lettuce (L. sativa), could synthesize and store NR in rubber particles in the same manner as that of the rubber tree (15). In this work, we established lettuce as a model plant for the study of NR biosynthesis.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) Homolog of Human Nogo-B Receptor Interacts with cis-Prenyltransferase and Is Necessary for Natural Rubber Biosynthesis

Chakrabarty

Tran

et al. 2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Background: Natural rubber biosynthesis in lettuce (Lactuca sativa) and other plants remains elusive. Results: An unusual cis-prenyltransferase-like protein interacts with and tethers a cis-prenyltransferase on endoplasmic reticulum, and its RNAi-silencing eliminates natural rubber. Conclusion: cis-Prenyltransferase-like protein is a necessary component in natural rubber biosynthesis in lettuce. Significance: The results presented here suggest hetero-protein complexes are involved in natural rubber biosynthesis.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Isolation of Rubber Particles and Proteomics-Latex was collected as described (15) in ice-cold latex collection buffer. The samples were centrifuged at 10,000 ϫ g for 2 min at 4°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) Homolog of Human Nogo-B Receptor Interacts with cis-Prenyltransferase and Is Necessary for Natural Rubber Biosynthesis

Chakrabarty

Tran

et al. 2015

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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“…T. kok-saghyz latex is a good source of high-molecular-weight rubber (Mooibroek and Cornish, 2000;Bushman et al, 2006) and was investigated as an alternative to H. brasiliensis during World War II, when rubber supplies to Europe and the United States were interrupted. Unfortunately, the extraction of rubber from Russian dandelion latex is laborious and expensive because of rapid coagulation, and further development was abandoned when Hevea rubber became available.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyphenoloxidase Silencing Affects Latex Coagulation in Taraxacum Species

et al. 2009

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Latex is the milky sap that is found in many different plants. It is produced by specialized cells known as laticifers and can comprise a mixture of proteins, carbohydrates, oils, secondary metabolites, and rubber that may help to prevent herbivory and protect wound sites against infection. The wound-induced browning of latex suggests that it contains one or more phenoloxidizing enzymes. Here, we present a comprehensive analysis of the major latex proteins from two dandelion species, Taraxacum officinale and Taraxacum kok-saghyz, and enzymatic studies showing that polyphenoloxidase (PPO) is responsible for latex browning. Electrophoretic analysis and amino-terminal sequencing of the most abundant proteins in the aqueous latex fraction revealed the presence of three PPO-related proteins generated by the proteolytic cleavage of a single precursor (pre-PPO). The laticifer-specific pre-PPO protein contains a transit peptide that can target reporter proteins into chloroplasts when constitutively expressed in dandelion protoplasts, perhaps indicating the presence of structures similar to plastids in laticifers, which lack genuine chloroplasts. Silencing the PPO gene by constitutive RNA interference in transgenic plants reduced PPO activity compared with wild-type controls, allowing T. kok-saghyz RNA interference lines to expel four to five times more latex than controls. Latex fluidity analysis in silenced plants showed a strong correlation between residual PPO activity and the coagulation rate, indicating that laticifer-specific PPO plays a major role in latex coagulation and wound sealing in dandelions. In contrast, very little PPO activity is found in the latex of the rubber tree Hevea brasiliensis, suggesting functional divergence of latex proteins during plant evolution.

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Rubber, Natural

Kawahara

2023

Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology

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In this article, a newly discovered nanostructure, that is, island‐nanomatrix structure, of natural rubber is introduced after reviewing previous studies on the structure of natural rubber. The reason why the structures of ω‐ and α‐terminal groups of natural rubber have not been elucidated, yet, is described in relation to the island‐nanomatrix structure. In addition, the effects of the proteins and phospholipids that are constituents of the island‐nanomatrix structure on mechanical properties, degradation, crystallinity, and vulcanization of natural rubber are comprehensively described by comparing them with those reported in the literatures. Furthermore, the structures of cis ‐1,4‐polyisoprenes obtained from various plants and natural rubber prepared by various manufacturing processes are discussed in relation to their mechanical properties.

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Identification and comparison of natural rubber from two Lactuca species

Cited by 61 publications

References 30 publications

A Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) Homolog of Human Nogo-B Receptor Interacts with cis-Prenyltransferase and Is Necessary for Natural Rubber Biosynthesis

A Lettuce (Lactuca sativa) Homolog of Human Nogo-B Receptor Interacts with cis-Prenyltransferase and Is Necessary for Natural Rubber Biosynthesis

Polyphenoloxidase Silencing Affects Latex Coagulation in Taraxacum Species

Rubber, Natural

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