Identification and classification of meteorites using a handheld LIBS instrument coupled with a fuzzy logic-based method

Senesi, Giorgio S.; Manzari, Paola; Consiglio, Arianna; Pascale, O. De

doi:10.1039/c8ja00224j

Cited by 23 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…LIBS was one of many techniques restricted to chemical analysis in the laboratory or in industrial settings that have included mine and ore-processing sites [33] until the introduction of commercial handheld LIBS analyzers in 2016 [34]. Since that time, handheld LIBS has been used for a variety of geological applications that include the identification of elements and minerals; the discrimination of carbonate muds, limestone/dolomite stratigraphic sequences, volcanic rock suites, and meteorites; and natural resources exploration [35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49]. An important governing consideration with LIBS is the set of chemical and physical phenomena termed 'matrix effects' e.g., [31,50] and references therein, which determine the amount of mass ablated by an incident laser pulse.…”

Section: Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Handheld LIBS for Li Exploration: An Example from the Carolina Tin-Spodumene Belt, USA

et al. 2022

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Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS), which has recently emerged as tool for geochemical analysis outside the traditional laboratory setting, is an ideal tool for Li exploration because it is the only technique that can measure Li in minerals, rocks, soils, and brines in-situ in the field. In addition to being used in many products essential to modern life, Li is a necessary element for a reduced carbon future and Li–Cs–Ta (LCT) granitic pegmatites are an important source of Li. Such pegmatites can have varying degrees of enrichment in Li, Rb, Cs, Be, Sn, Ga, Ta>Nb, B, P, and F. We focus here on the LCT pegmatites of the Carolina Tin-Spodumene Belt (CTSB) situated in the Kings Mountain Shear Zone, which extends from South Carolina into North Carolina. The CTSB hosts both barren and fertile pegmatites, with Li-enriched pegmatites containing spodumene, K-feldspar, albite, quartz, muscovite, and beryl. We illustrate how handheld LIBS analysis can be used for real-time Li analysis in the field at a historically important CTSB pegmatite locality in Gaston County, N.C. in four contexts: (i) elemental detection and identification; (ii) microchemical mapping; (iii) depth profiling; and (iv) elemental quantitative analysis. Finally, as an example of a practical exploration application, we describe how handheld LIBS can be used to measure K/Rb ratios and Li contents of muscovite and rapidly determine the degree of pegmatite fractionation. This study demonstrates the potential of handheld LIBS to drastically reduce the time necessary to acquire geochemical data relevant to acquiring compositional information for pegmatites during a Li pegmatite exploration program.

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Section: Laser-induced Breakdown Spectroscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Handheld LIBS for Li Exploration: An Example from the Carolina Tin-Spodumene Belt, USA

et al. 2022

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“…This curse of dimensionality affects automatic techniques, so dimensionality reduction techniques are often used to extract the most significant subset of genes for the specific task [15]. Thanks to their ability to gradually refine solutions through natural selection, GAs are not biased by human knowledge of the problem and are effectively used for feature selection [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Explaining Ovarian Cancer Gene Expression Profiles with Fuzzy Rules and Genetic Algorithms

et al. 2021

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The analysis of gene expression data is a complex task, and many tools and pipelines are available to handle big sequencing datasets for case-control (bivariate) studies. In some cases, such as pilot or exploratory studies, the researcher needs to compare more than two groups of samples consisting of a few replicates. Both standard statistical bioinformatic pipelines and innovative deep learning models are unsuitable for extracting interpretable patterns and information from such datasets. In this work, we apply a combination of fuzzy rule systems and genetic algorithms to analyze a dataset composed of 21 samples and 6 classes, useful for approaching the study of expression profiles in ovarian cancer, compared to other ovarian diseases. The proposed method is capable of performing a feature selection among genes that is guided by the genetic algorithm, and of building a set of if-then rules that explain how classes can be distinguished by observing changes in the expression of selected genes. After testing several parameters, the final model consists of 10 genes involved in the molecular pathways of cancer and 10 rules that correctly classify all samples.

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“…With the commercial availability of handheld LIBS instruments utilizing microchip lasers with pulse energies around 6 mJ, and broadband spectrometers covering a spectral range from 190 to 950 nm, geological and environmental applications became possible. In these works, the applicability of the handheld instruments for geochemical fingerprinting [36], calibration curves of Cu and Al alloys [37] and geological discrimination of, e.g., meteors and fakes [38,39] were investigated. Further applications are described in two reviews on portable spectroscopy [40,41].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soil Nutrient Detection for Precision Agriculture Using Handheld Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Multivariate Regression Methods (PLSR, Lasso and GPR)

Erler

Riebe

Beitz

et al. 2020

Sensors

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Precision agriculture (PA) strongly relies on spatially differentiated sensor information. Handheld instruments based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) are a promising sensor technique for the in-field determination of various soil parameters. In this work, the potential of handheld LIBS for the determination of the total mass fractions of the major nutrients Ca, K, Mg, N, P and the trace nutrients Mn, Fe was evaluated. Additionally, other soil parameters, such as humus content, soil pH value and plant available P content, were determined. Since the quantification of nutrients by LIBS depends strongly on the soil matrix, various multivariate regression methods were used for calibration and prediction. These include partial least squares regression (PLSR), least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression (Lasso), and Gaussian process regression (GPR). The best prediction results were obtained for Ca, K, Mg and Fe. The coefficients of determination obtained for other nutrients were smaller. This is due to much lower concentrations in the case of Mn, while the low number of lines and very weak intensities are the reason for the deviation of N and P. Soil parameters that are not directly related to one element, such as pH, could also be predicted. Lasso and GPR yielded slightly better results than PLSR. Additionally, several methods of data pretreatment were investigated.

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Identification and classification of meteorites using a handheld LIBS instrument coupled with a fuzzy logic-based method

Abstract: A handheld laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) instrument associated to a fuzzy logic-based method is proposed as a novel tool that is able to provide information on the nature of meteorites and discriminate among iron, stone, stony-iron meteorites and meteorwrongs.

Cited by 23 publications

References 30 publications

Handheld LIBS for Li Exploration: An Example from the Carolina Tin-Spodumene Belt, USA

Handheld LIBS for Li Exploration: An Example from the Carolina Tin-Spodumene Belt, USA

Explaining Ovarian Cancer Gene Expression Profiles with Fuzzy Rules and Genetic Algorithms

Soil Nutrient Detection for Precision Agriculture Using Handheld Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS) and Multivariate Regression Methods (PLSR, Lasso and GPR)

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