Identification and Characterization of vB_PreP_EPr2, a Lytic Bacteriophage of Pan-Drug Resistant Providencia rettgeri

Abstract

Providencia rettgeri is an emerging opportunistic Gram-negative pathogen with reports of increasing antibiotic resistance. Pan-drug resistant (PDR) P. rettgeri infections are a growing concern, demonstrating a need for the development of alternative treatment options which is fueling a renewed interest in bacteriophage (phage) therapy. Here, we identify and characterize phage vB_PreP_EPr2 (EPr2) with lytic activity against PDR P. rettgeri MRSN 845308, a clinical isolate that carries multiple antibiotic resistance genes. EPr2 was isolated from an environmental water sample and belongs to the family Autographiviridae, subfamily Studiervirinae and genus Kayfunavirus, with a genome size of 41,261 base pairs. Additional phenotypic characterization showed an optimal MOI of 1 and a burst size of 12.3 ± 3.4 PFU per bacterium. EPr2 was determined to have a narrow host range against a panel of clinical P. rettgeri strains. Despite this fact, EPr2 is a promising lytic phage with potential for use as an alternative therapeutic for treatment of PDR P. rettgeri infections.

Design of a Bacteriophage Cocktail Active against Shigella Species and Testing of Its Therapeutic Potential in Galleria mellonella

“…Grit chamber water and secondary effluent supernatants were filtered using sterile 0.22-μm filters, while the blend sludge supernatant was consecutively filtered through 0.8-μm, 0.45-μm and 0.22-μm filters (MilliporeSigma, Bollington, MA, USA). Then, the samples were processed as previously described [ 79 ]. Briefly, 5× HIB was mixed with each filter-sterilized sample at a 1:5 ratio, and overnight broth culture of each enrichment Shigella strain was added to create 24 enrichment mixtures (three wastewater fractions by eight enrichment strains).…”

“…Minimum thresholds for contig size and coverage were set at 200 bp and 49.5×, respectively. The annotation of open reading frames and sequence similarity searches were performed as described earlier [ 79 ].…”

Hepatic failure with Providencia rettgeri infection: case report

“…Besides, there also has a study ,which isolated an lytic phage, vB_PreS_PR1 ,to undo P. rettgeri antibiotic-resistant strains 9 . And faced with multi-drug resistant P. rettgeri infections ,there is an lytic phage -vB_PreP_EPr2 (EPr2) against pan-drug resistant P. rettgeri 10 . So we can know that phages has therapeutic potential against mutildrug-resistant P. rettgeri .In a word, there are much work waiting to explore about how to defeat the pathogen.…”

Genome sequence of the Klebsiella quasipneumoniae bacteriophage EKq1 with activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae

“…EKq1 was isolated from sewage collected on 16 March 2022, in Montgomery County, Maryland, using a human blood isolate, K. quasipneumoniae MRSN 829456, for phage enrichment. The enrichment was performed as described ( 7 ), in broth with shaking at 37°C, and phage plaques were detected on double-layer agar plates. The phage was purified by three single plaque isolations, and its DNA was extracted from lysate with the QIAamp DNA Mini Kit (Qiagen, Germantown, MD), per the manufacturer’s protocol.…”