Identification and characterization of the nano‐sized vesicles released by muscle cells

Romancino, Daniele P.; Paterniti, Gaetano; Campos, Yvan; Luca, Angela De; Felice, Valentina Di; d’Azzo, Alessandra; Bongiovanni, Antonella

doi:10.1016/j.febslet.2013.03.012

Cited by 104 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…1B). Finally, the characteristics of Exo-AT and Exo-ADSC were further validated by western blotting for the expression of CD9, CD63 (a tetraspanin enriched in late multivesicular bodies, and, hence, in exosomes) and TSG101 (a protein related to exosomes biogenesis) (Romancino et al, 2013;Kowal et al, 2014). The results indicated that CD9, CD63 and TSG101 were present in vesicles.…”

Section: Adscs Internalized Adipose Tissue-derived Exosome-like Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 96%

miR-450a-5p within rat adipose tissue exosome-like vesicles promotes adipogenic differentiation by targeting WISP2

Zhang

Dai

et al. 2017

Journal of Cell Science

103

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Adipose tissue is an active endocrine organ that can secrete a wide number of factors to regulate adipogenesis via paracrine signals. In addition to soluble proteins in adipose tissue, microRNAs (miRNAs) enriched in extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes or microvesicles, could modulate intercellular communications. In this study, we demonstrated that exosome-like vesicles derived from adipose tissue (Exo-AT) were internalized by adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs), and that these, in turn, induced adipogenesis. High-throughput sequencing showed that 45 miRNAs were enriched in Exo-AT, and 31.11% of them were associated with adipogenesis, compared with ADSC-derived exosome-like vesicles (Exo-ADSC). miR-450a-5p, one of the most abundant miRNAs in Exo-AT, was a proadipogenic miRNA. Further study demonstrated that miR-450a-5p promoted adipogenesis through repressing expression of WISP2 by targeting its 3′ untranslated region. Additionally, Exo-AT could also downregulate the expression of WISP2, while miR-450a-5p inhibitor reversed this effect. Moreover, inhibition of miR-450a-5p impaired adipogenesis mediated by exosome-like vesicles. In conclusion, Exo-AT mediates adipogenic differentiation through a mechanism involving transfer of miR-450a-5p.

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Section: Adscs Internalized Adipose Tissue-derived Exosome-like Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 96%

miR-450a-5p within rat adipose tissue exosome-like vesicles promotes adipogenic differentiation by targeting WISP2

Zhang

Dai

et al. 2017

Journal of Cell Science

103

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“…In HeLa-CIITA cells, depletion of ALIX caused an increase of MHC class II molecules in the cells and consequently in the released vesicles, without a clear effect on the amount of exosomes secreted, while in primary DCs silencing of ALIX decreased secretion of CD63, CD81 and MHC class II positive vesicles in half of the donors [32]. In a muscle cell line, ALIX depletion promoted an increased release of PM-derived EVs containing HSC70 but decreased secretion of CD63 (a tetraspanin enriched in late MVBs, hence in exosomes) [38].…”

Section: Escrt-machinerymentioning

confidence: 98%

Biogenesis and secretion of exosomes

Kowal

Tkach

Théry

2014

Current Opinion in Cell Biology

1,425

1,316

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Although observed for several decades, the release of membrane-enclosed vesicles by cells into their surrounding environment has been the subject of increasing interest in the past few years, which led to the creation, in 2012, of a scientific society dedicated to the subject: the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles. Convincing evidence that vesicles allow exchange of complex information fuelled this rise in interest. But it has also become clear that different types of secreted vesicles co-exist, with different intracellular origins and modes of formation, and thus probably different compositions and functions. Exosomes are one sub-type of secreted vesicles. They form inside eukaryotic cells in multivesicular compartments, and are secreted when these compartments fuse with the plasma membrane. Interestingly, different families of molecules have been shown to allow intracellular formation of exosomes and their subsequent secretion, which suggests that even among exosomes different sub-types exist.

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“…Alix was recently reported to interact with syndecans through the cytosolic adaptor syntenin, leading to exosome formation in MCF-7 and HeLa cells[30]. In addition, two independent studies have shown that inhibition of Alix impairs the ability of dendritic or muscle cells to secrete CD63-enriched exosomes[29, 31]. Proteins frequently found involved in exosome biogenesis in other systems, such as Tsg101, have been used as exosome markers in benign and cancer models.…”

Section: Exosomes and Microvesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Proteins that are frequently used as exosome markers are often also involved in exosome biogenesis. These include Alix, Tgs101, ceramide, flotillin, Rab and tetraspannin family members[29-31, 33, 39-42, 85]. In particular, CD9, CD81 and CD63 have been shown to participate in endosomal vesicle trafficking[86, 87].…”

Section: Exosomes and Microvesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer: Exosomes, Microvesicles and the Emerging Role of Large Oncosomes

Minciacchi

Freeman

Vizio

2015

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology

713

638

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Since their first description, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been the topic of avid study in a variety of physiologic contexts and are now thought to play an important role in cancer. The state of knowledge on biogenesis, molecular content and horizontal communication of diverse types of cancer EVs has expanded considerably in recent years. As a consequence, a plethora of information about EV composition and molecular pathways involved in the regulation of important biological processes has emerged, along with the notion that cancer cells rely on these particles to invade tissues and propagate oncogenic signals at distance. In vivo studies, designed to achieve a deeper understanding of the extent to which EV biology can be applied to clinically relevant settings, are increasing. This review will summarize recent studies on EVs functionally implicated in cancer, with a focus on a novel EV population referred to as large oncosomes, which originate from highly migratory, amoeboid tumor cells. Here we provide an overview about the biogenesis and composition of exosomes, microvesicles and large oncosomes, along with their cancer-specific and more general functions. We also discuss current challenges and emerging technologies that might improve EV detection in various systems. Further studies on the functional role of EVs in specific steps of cancer formation and progression will expand our understanding of the diversity of paracrine signaling mechanisms in malignant growth.

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Identification and characterization of the nano‐sized vesicles released by muscle cells

Cited by 104 publications

References 22 publications

miR-450a-5p within rat adipose tissue exosome-like vesicles promotes adipogenic differentiation by targeting WISP2

miR-450a-5p within rat adipose tissue exosome-like vesicles promotes adipogenic differentiation by targeting WISP2

Biogenesis and secretion of exosomes

Extracellular Vesicles in Cancer: Exosomes, Microvesicles and the Emerging Role of Large Oncosomes

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