Identification and Characterization of the Mode of Action of MON 65500: A Novel Inhibitor of ATP Export from Mitochondria of the Wheat “Take-All” Fungus, Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici

Joseph‐Horne, Tim; Heppner, Claudia; Headrick, John P.; Hollomon, D. W.

doi:10.1006/pest.2000.2483

Cited by 20 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…This may reflect the presence of several genes that modify the expression of the feature examined. This is perhaps consistent with what is known about the biochemical mode of action of silthiofam, although the precise mechanism is not known (Joseph‐Horne et al., 2000). Linear growth rate is most probably a quantitative, polygenic trait, and may also differ among isolates depending on the length of time in culture.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Analysis of Mycelial Growth Rates and RAPD‐PCR Profiles in a Population of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici Originating from Wheat Plants Grown from Fungicide‐treated Seed

Weber¹,

Irzykowska²,

Bocianowski³

2005

Journal of Phytopathology

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Linear mycelial growth rates of 70 isolates of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici on agar medium amended or unamended with the fungicide silthiofam were not correlated. Mycelial growth rate was not influenced by the fungicide applied to the seed of the plants from, which the isolates originated. DNA polymorphism determined by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) polymerase chain reaction was used to assess genetic variation among isolates. Thirty RAPD markers generated with five arbitrary 10-mer primers revealed DNA polymorphism suitable for assessing variability in this fungal population. Cluster analysis of RAPD data identified two groups at the 54% similarity level. There was a significant relationship between the presence of 11 markers and sensitivity to silthiofam.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Analysis of Mycelial Growth Rates and RAPD‐PCR Profiles in a Population of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici Originating from Wheat Plants Grown from Fungicide‐treated Seed

Weber¹,

Irzykowska²,

Bocianowski³

2005

Journal of Phytopathology

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“…Silthiofam is also fungistatic to Ggt but the target site has not yet been conclusively identified. It has been demonstrated that silthiofam inhibits ATP export from the mitochondria, possibly by inhibition of the adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) (Joseph‐Horne et al ., 2000). As a consequence, the fungus becomes starved of ATP and a number of energy‐dependent cellular functions were demonstrated to be affected, including maintenance of plasma membrane potential, glucose uptake and the biosynthesis of sterols, fatty acids, protein and RNA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for studying population structure, including sensitivity to the fungicide silthiofam, of the cereal take‐all fungus, Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici

et al. 2005

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Field isolates ( n = 144) of the wheat take-all fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici ( Ggt ) were tested for sensitivity to silthiofam, a take-all-specific fungicide used as a seed treatment, and identified as A-or B-type by PCR-RFLP analysis of nuclear rDNA. A possible association was identified between polymorphisms in ITS2 of the nuclear rDNA and sensitivity to silthiofam. A Ggt -specific PCR assay was developed which simultaneously identified isolates of Ggt as A-or B-type, based on the polymorphisms in the nuclear rDNA. A highly significant correlation between Ggt type using the PCR assay and sensitivity to silthiofam was demonstrated in a collection of 358 isolates from three field experiments designed to test the effects of seed-treatment fungicides on take-all and Ggt populations in winter wheat. In one experiment the percentages of silthiofam-sensitive and B-type isolates were significantly less in populations from plots sown with silthiofam-treated seed in two consecutive years than in populations from plots sown with nontreated seed. However, silthiofam still provided a significant amount of control of take-all. The natural occurrence of fungicideinsensitive isolates, up to about 30% in soils in which the fungicide had never been used, is unusual. The new PCR assay provides a useful tool for studying the population structure of Ggt , and may provide a novel method for assessing the incidence of insensitivity to silthiofam (the target site for which has not yet been identified) in field populations of Ggt .

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“…Silthiofam (previously MON65500, trade name Latitude®), by contrast, is specific to Ggt (Beale et al ., 1998; Schoeny and Lucas, 1999; Spink et al ., 1998). Silthiofam has a novel mode of action, with the mitochondrial adenine nucleotide transporter identified as its probable target (Joseph‐Horne et al ., 2000). Host defence responses are also enhanced following silthiofam treatment (Huang et al ., 2001b).…”

Section: Take‐all Disease Of Wheat and Its Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gaeumannomyces graminis, the take‐all fungus and its relatives

Freeman

Ward

2004

Molecular Plant Pathology

100

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SUMMARY Take‐all, caused by the fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici, is the most important root disease of wheat worldwide. Many years of intensive research, reflected by the large volume of literature on take‐all, has led to a considerable degree of understanding of many aspects of the disease. However, effective and economic control of the disease remains difficult. The application of molecular techniques to study G. graminis and related fungi has resulted in some significant advances, particularly in the development of improved methods for identification and in elucidating the role of the enzyme avenacinase as a pathogenicity determinant in the closely related oat take‐all fungus (G. graminis var. avenae). Some progress in identifying other factors that may be involved in determining host range and pathogenicity has been made, despite the difficulties of performing genetic analyses and the lack of a reliable transformation system.

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Identification and Characterization of the Mode of Action of MON 65500: A Novel Inhibitor of ATP Export from Mitochondria of the Wheat “Take-All” Fungus, Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici

Cited by 20 publications

References 13 publications

Analysis of Mycelial Growth Rates and RAPD‐PCR Profiles in a Population of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici Originating from Wheat Plants Grown from Fungicide‐treated Seed

Analysis of Mycelial Growth Rates and RAPD‐PCR Profiles in a Population of Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici Originating from Wheat Plants Grown from Fungicide‐treated Seed

Methods for studying population structure, including sensitivity to the fungicide silthiofam, of the cereal take‐all fungus, Gaeumannomyces graminis var. tritici

Gaeumannomyces graminis, the take‐all fungus and its relatives

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