Identification and characterization of cytochrome P450 CYP77A59 of loquat (Rhaphiolepis bibas) responsible for biosynthesis of phenylacetonitrile, a floral nitrile compound

The Circadian Clock Gene PHYTOCLOCK1 Mediates the Diurnal Emission of the Anti-Insect Volatile Benzyl Nitrile from Damaged Tea (Camellia sinensis) Plants

“…Many plants release extra floral volatiles at certain times of the day or night, suggesting that the circadian clock regulates the formation and release of floral scent. − For example, the diurnal emission of floral scent compounds from Oncidium hybrid orchid flowers is regulated by central oscillator CCA1, while a decrease in LHY expression results in the early release of cinnamic acid-derived compounds and the delayed release of benzoic acid metabolites in snapdragon. , Few studies have focused on the regulation of the circadian clock on the biosynthesis and release of HIPVs. The benzenoid/phenylpropanoid volatile benzyl nitrile is not only a major floral volatile from flowers but also released in large amounts from leaves in response to herbivore damage. , Preliminary studies have shown that the synthesis and release of benzyl nitrile in damaged tea plants is higher during the day than at night, and light factors have a certain regulatory role in this process. , In the present study, the regular release of benzyl nitrile was regulated by the endogenous circadian clock in tea plants. However, it remains unclear whether the circadian clock or light is the dominant regulator or whether the two factors work together.…”

Nitrile biosynthesis in nature: how and why?

“…89 CYP71B40v3 and CYP71B41v2 convert E / Z -PAOx, E / Z -2-methylbutyraldoxime, and E / Z -3-methylbutyraldoxime into PAN, 2-methylbutyronitrile, and 3-methylbutyronitrile, respectively. 65 In loquat ( Rhaphiolepis bibas ) flowers, PAN formation from ( E / Z )-PAOx is catalyzed by CYP77A59, 90 which reveals a new function of CYP77 family other than fatty acid in-chain hydroxylation and epoxidation. 91,92…”