Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Nocardia species clinically isolated in Japan

Toyokawa, Masahiro; Ohana, Noboru; Ueda, Akiko; Imai, Minako; Tanno, Daiki; Honda, Mutsuko; Takano, Yukiko; Ohashi, Kenichi; Saito, Kyoichi; Shimura, Hiroki

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-95870-2

Cited by 28 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The rest of the sequences form clusters with different restriction patterns showing the discrepancy between strains of the same study species, thus conforming 6 more ribotypes. The results suggest the existence of subgroups within N. brasiliensis with more significant variability than previously reported 14 - 17 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 42%

Genetic variability of the 16S rRNA gene of Nocardia brasiliensis, the most common causative agent of actinomycetoma in Latin America and the Caribbean

Cruz-Medrano

Manzanares-Leal

González-Nava

et al. 2023

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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Mycetoma is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2016. It is characterized by the progressive growth of nodules and granulomatous lesions on the legs, arms, and trunk. It is potentially disfiguring and causes disability or amputations in working-age people from marginalized areas. The causative agents can be fungi (eumycetoma) or actinobacteria (actinomycetoma), the latter being the most common in America and Asia. Nocardia brasiliensis is the most important causal agent of actinomycetoma in the Americas. Taxonomic problems have been reported when identifying this species, so this study aimed to detect the 16S rRNA gene variations in N. brasiliensis strains using an in silico enzymatic restriction technique. The study included strains from clinical cases of actinomycetoma in Mexico, isolated from humans and previously identified as N. brasiliensis by traditional methods. The strains were characterized microscopically and macroscopically, then subjected to DNA extraction and amplification of the 16S rRNA gene by PCR. The amplification products were sequenced, and consensus sequences were constructed and used for genetic identification and in silico restriction enzyme analysis with the New England BioLabs ® NEBcutter program. All study strains were molecularly identified as N. brasiliensis ; however, in silico restriction analysis detected a diversity in the restriction patterns that were finally grouped and subclassified into 7 ribotypes. This finding confirms the existence of subgroups within N. brasiliensis . The results support the need to consider N. brasiliensis as a complex species.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 42%

Genetic variability of the 16S rRNA gene of Nocardia brasiliensis, the most common causative agent of actinomycetoma in Latin America and the Caribbean

Cruz-Medrano

Manzanares-Leal

González-Nava

et al. 2023

Rev. Inst. Med. trop. S. Paulo

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“…With the development of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS), the common clinical Nocardia species (e.g., N. cyriacigeorgica and N. farcinica ) can be identified rapidly. However, the available database of MALDI-TOF MS is limited for Nocardia strains leading to some uncommon isolates with no or false identification [ 10 , 11 ]. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing is generally considered as the primary means for accurate identification of the clinically encountered Nocardia isolates [ 12 ], but it cannot discriminate closely related species due to high conservation, unless it combines with a housekeeping gene, such as gyrB or rpoB [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MLSA phylogeny and antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical Nocardia isolates: a multicenter retrospective study in China

Wei

Yang

et al. 2021

BMC Microbiol

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Background With the increase of detection rate and long treatment period, nocardiosis has become a noticeable problem in China. However, there are limited large-scale studies on the epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of clinical Nocardia spp. in China. The present study aimed to explore the species distribution and drug susceptibility pattern of 82 clinical Nocardia isolates from three tertiary hospitals in China by multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) and broth microdilution (BMD) method. Results Pulmonary nocardiosis (90.2%) was the most common clinical presentation of infection. N. cyriacigeorgica (n = 33; 40.2%) and N. farcinica (n = 20; 24.4%) were the most frequently encountered Nocardia species, followed by N. otitidiscaviarum (n = 7; 8.5%), N. abscessus (n = 5; 6.1%), N. asiatica (n = 4; 4.9%), and N. wallacei (n = 4; 4.9%). Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (SXT) remained high activity against all Nocardia isolates (susceptibility rate: 98.8%). Linezolid and amikacin were also highly active; 100 and 95.1% of all isolates demonstrated susceptibility, respectively. Except for N. otitidiscaviarum, all the Nocardia isolates exhibited high susceptibility rates to imipenem. The resistance rates of all isolates to clarithromycin and ciprofloxacin were 92.7 and 73.2%, respectively, but the resistance rate of N. farcinica to ciprofloxacin was only 25%. Conclusions The clinically isolated Nocardia spp. had diverse antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, which were similar to the reports by other groups elsewhere, but some differences were also observed, mainly including imipenem and ciprofloxacin. According to this study, SXT still can be the first choice for empirical therapy due to the low resistance rate. Linezolid can be chosen when a patient is allergic to SXT, and amikacin and imipenem can be the choice in a combination regimen.

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“…In addition, antimicrobial susceptibility varies widely between species based on CLSI M24-A 13 breakpoints. 4 Masahiro Toyokawa et al 14 showed that imipenem was 100% resistant to N. otitidiscaviarumand that linezolid had the highest sensitivity in in vitro susceptibility…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of Rare Bone Infection Caused by Nocardia by 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

Li¹,

Yu²,

Xiong³

et al. 2023

IDR

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Nocardia is an aerobic actinomycete that causes serious opportunistic infections in immunocompromised individuals. Gene sequencing is the gold standard for pathogenic bacteria diagnosis. This study uses 16S rRNA gene sequencing to diagnose three cases of bone infections caused by Nocardia, including one rare case (N. cyriacigeorgica), and the clinial features, etiological characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of the patients.

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Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Nocardia species clinically isolated in Japan

Cited by 28 publications

References 33 publications

Genetic variability of the 16S rRNA gene of Nocardia brasiliensis, the most common causative agent of actinomycetoma in Latin America and the Caribbean

Genetic variability of the 16S rRNA gene of Nocardia brasiliensis, the most common causative agent of actinomycetoma in Latin America and the Caribbean

MLSA phylogeny and antimicrobial susceptibility of clinical Nocardia isolates: a multicenter retrospective study in China

Diagnosis of Rare Bone Infection Caused by Nocardia by 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing

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