Identification and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Escherichia coli isolated from backyard chicken in and around ambo, Central Ethiopia

Abstract

BackgroundEscherichia coli is bacteria that exist as commensal in the intestine of animals and humans, but pathogenic strains cause disease in chickens. The development of antimicrobial resistance in E. coli is one of major concern worldwide. A cross-sectional study was conducted from November, 2015 to April, 2016 in and around Ambo town on backyard chicken with the objectives of isolating E. coli from selected visceral organs, assessment of potential risk factor and determination of antimicrobial resistance pattern of the isolates.ResultsThe overall isolation rate of E. coli was 11.5% (80/694) [95% CI: 9.64–14.61] and 32.5% (62/191) [95% CI: 25.39–39.09] at organ and chicken level, respectively. E. coli isolation rate was 15.2% (29/191), 13.6% (27/191), 6.3% (12/191) and 10.7% (13/121) from spleen, liver, kidney and ovary samples, respectively. The multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed higher probability of E. coli isolation from adult (adjusted Odds ratio [aOR] =2.5, P = 0.013) than younger chickens, from clinically sick chickens (aOR = 3.0, P = 0.003) than apparently healthy. E. coli isolates were 100% susceptible to ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim followed by 89–63.4% susceptibility to gentamicin, streptomycin, ceftazidime, nalidxic acid, nitrofurantoin, kanamycin, amikacin and chloramphenicol. Whereas, 100% resistance was observed against cloxacilin, cefotaxime and amoxicillin, whereas 92.7 and 46.3% were resistant to cefuroxime, and tetracycline, respectively. Multidrug resistant (MDR) was observed in 78.1% (64/82) of the isolates which exhibited 5 different MDR patterns to 7 antimicrobial classes.ConclusionsHigher isolation rate of E. coli was observed from visceral organs of chickens. Age and health status were predictors of E. coli isolation. Remarkable numbers of the isolates are resistant to different antimicrobials and multidrug resistant E coli isolates are widespread in the area.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-019-1830-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Surveillance of Escherichia coli in a fish farm of Sylhet, Bangladesh

“…In this study, with the nutrient broth turbid, black centered colony with metallic sheen was observed in EMB agar. The present results similar to the findings of the Zinnah et al (2007) and Sarba et al (2019) presumptively recognized E. coli where they found in an EMB agar a greenish-black colony along with a metallic sheen. Same results were also found by some other authors (Buxton and Fraser, 1977;Freeman, 1985;Jones, 1987) whereas characteristic features of E. coli such as gram-negative, pink color, small rodshaped were noticed in gram's staining as well as hanging drop technique (Cowan, 1985) in which all the isolates showed motility.…”

The Escherichia coli Sequence Type 131 Harboring Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamases and Carbapenemases Genes from Poultry Birds

“…A recent study from Ethiopia has shown that the E. coli isolates were 100% susceptible to fluoroquinolones and sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, whereas the susceptibility to gentamicin, streptomycin, and kanamycin was 93%, 85%, and 75% respectively. 33 However, a few studies have reported highly resistant strains of E. coli which were resistant to 100 resistant to nalidixic acid while the resistance to kanamycin and streptomycin was 77% and 67% respectively. 34 These variations may be attributed to the differences in the use of antimicrobial agents in different regions in humans and poultry or due to the presence of diverse clones of E. coli .…”

Multidrug-Resistant Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli Strains and Association of Their Virulence Genes in Bangladesh

“…In Bangladesh, several earlier investigations in broiler chickens with colibacillosis reported 20% to 80% prevalence of this infectious disease [ 36 , 40 , 41 , 43 , 65 ]. The prevalence of colibacillosis in other countries like Nepal, China, Brazil, and India ranged from 30% to 80% [ 4 , 66 , 67 , 68 ]. The predisposing epidemiologic factors such as geographic locations, farm housing types, varying sample collection, transportation and preservation methods, and management practices are likely to contribute to the differences in frequency of pathogenic APEC isolation [ 67 ].…”