Identification and antimicrobial susceptibilities of Ochrobactrum spp.

Thoma, Bryan; Straube, Eberhard; Scholz, Holger C.; Dahouk, Sascha Al; Zöller, Lothar; Pfeffer, Martin; Neubauer, Heinrich; Tomaso, Herbert

doi:10.1016/j.ijmm.2008.06.009

Cited by 45 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…However, both MIC values are within the range of the reported effect of FloR (50), suggesting that there were other, possibly intrinsic, chloramphenicol resistance mechanisms in place before the Indian strain acquired the floR genes. Furthermore, the MICs for chloramphenicol are also in the range of those in previously screened O. intermedium strains (25), implying that the acquired resistance genes had only a limited impact or were not expressed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…From these data, the Indian strain could be identified with confidence as a strain of the species O. intermedium. The strain exhibited substantially higher MICs, indicating greater resistance, to several classes of antibiotics, than the reference strain (O. intermedium LMG 3301 T ) (Table 1), as well as a number of environmental and clinical strains of O. intermedium (25). Compared to the reference strain, the Indian strain was more resistant to quinolones (Ͼ128-fold increase in MICs), as well as the sulfonamide sulfamethoxazole, both as a single substance and in combination with trimethoprim (Ͼ512-and Ͼ500-fold increases, respectively).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…It should be noted, however, that O. intermedium isolates have been shown to exhibit high degrees of variation in resistance to both aminoglycosides and macrolides. A study of 17 environmental and clinical isolates of O. intermedium reported MICs for the macrolide azithromycin of between 2 and Ͼ256 g/liter and MICs for the aminoglycosides amikacin and gentamicin of 4 to 128 g/liter and 1 to 6 g/liter, respectively (25). The MIC values measured for both the Indian and the reference strains (32 and 2 g/liter for azithromycin, respectively, 24 g/liter for amikacin, and 1.5 g/liter for gentamicin) are all within these ranges and, conceivably, could be explained by the natural variation caused by different gene expressions of general purpose efflux pumps or differences in cell wall permeability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In particular, the strain Ochrobactrum intermedium CCUG 57381, isolated from the equilibrator tank, was observed to be resistant to nearly all of the antibiotics screened. O. intermedium is phylogenetically related to Brucella spp., is considered to be an opportunistic pathogen, and has been isolated from human clinical samples, industrial environments, and soil (25). The species is also a human commensal present in the gut (26), making it a possible link in the recruitment of antibiotic resistance genes from environmental bacteria into the human microbiome (27).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Acquired Genetic Mechanisms of a Multiresistant Bacterium Isolated from a Treatment Plant Receiving Wastewater from Antibiotic Production

Johnning

Moore

Svensson-Stadler

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The external environment, particularly wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), where environmental bacteria meet human commensals and pathogens in large numbers, has been highlighted as a potential breeding ground for antibiotic resistance. We have isolated the extensively drug-resistant Ochrobactrum intermedium CCUG 57381 from an Indian WWTP receiving industrial wastewater from pharmaceutical production contaminated with high levels of quinolones. Antibiotic susceptibility testing against 47 antibiotics showed that the strain was 4 to >500 times more resistant to sulfonamides, quinolones, tetracyclines, macrolides, and the aminoglycoside streptomycin than the type strain O. intermedium LMG 3301 T . Whole-genome sequencing identified mutations in the Indian strain causing amino acid substitutions in the target enzymes of quinolones. We also characterized three acquired regions containing resistance genes to sulfonamides (sul1), tetracyclines [tet(G) and tetR], and chloramphenicol/ florfenicol (floR). Furthermore, the Indian strain harbored acquired mechanisms for horizontal gene transfer, including a type I mating pair-forming system (MPF I ), a MOB P relaxase, and insertion sequence transposons. Our results highlight that WWTPs serving antibiotic manufacturing may provide nearly ideal conditions for the recruitment of resistance genes into human commensal and pathogenic bacteria.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acquired Genetic Mechanisms of a Multiresistant Bacterium Isolated from a Treatment Plant Receiving Wastewater from Antibiotic Production

Johnning

Moore

Svensson-Stadler

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…The changes in the spectra are provoked due to variations It has been reported that common biochemical identification routines are not reliable, since Ochrobactrum is often misidentified as Brucella and vice versa due to the high phenotypic and genotypic similarity between Ochrobactrum and Brucella, sharing 98.8% rRNA genes (10). Sensitivities in the range of 32 to 84% were reported for Ochrobactrum anthropi in APE 20NE systems, which encompassed also false identification of other genera such as Pseudomonas (50). We also obtained some misidentifications of Ochrobactrum as Brucella or Pseudomonas when using Raman spectroscopy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman Spectroscopy as a Potential Tool for Detection of Brucella spp. in Milk

Meisel

Stöckel

Elschner

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Detection of Brucella, causing brucellosis, is very challenging, since the applied techniques are mostly time-demanding and not standardized. While the common detection system relies on the cultivation of the bacteria, further classical typing up to the biotype level is mostly based on phenotypic or genotypic characteristics. The results of genotyping do not always fit the existing taxonomy, and misidentifications between genetically closely related genera cannot be avoided. This situation gets even worse, when detection from complex matrices, such as milk, is necessary. For these reasons, the availability of a method that allows early and reliable identification of possible Brucella isolates for both clinical and epidemiological reasons would be extremely useful. We evaluated micro-Raman spectroscopy in combination with chemometric analysis to identify Brucella from agar plates and directly from milk: prior to these studies, the samples were inactivated via formaldehyde treatment to ensure a higher working safety. The single-cell Raman spectra of different Brucella, Escherichia, Ochrobactrum, Pseudomonas, and Yersinia spp. were measured to create two independent databases for detection in media and milk. Identification accuracies of 92% for Brucella from medium and 94% for Brucella from milk were obtained while analyzing the single-cell Raman spectra via support vector machine. Even the identification of the other genera yielded sufficient results, with accuracies of >90%. In summary, micro-Raman spectroscopy is a promising alternative for detecting Brucella. The measurements we performed at the single-cell level thus allow fast identification within a few hours without a demanding process for sample preparation.

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