Identification and analysis of multimode guided waves in tibia cortical bone

Excitation of ultrasonic Lamb waves using a phased array system with two array probes: Phantom and in vitro bone studies

“…Nicholson of A 0 and S 0 modes with cortical thicknesses in bovine tibiae [9]. 91 Ta et al found that the L(0, 2) mode was quite sensitive to the 92 thickness change in the cortex [10]. Basically in most studies, the 93 first few low-order guided modes have been consistently observed 94 and further studied for their potential to characterize long bones.…”

“…Le et al 122 used a 51°angle beam to study bulk waves at receivers deployed 123 downstream from the point of excitation [19]. Ta et al used various 124 angle beams to excite low-order longitudinal modes and was the 125 first to mention briefly the concept of phase velocity spectrum in 126 the bone community without much details [10,20]. Although a pair 127 of transducers is still the most common means to acquire bone data, 128 ultrasound array system has been used in axial transmission bone 129 study [21].…”

Axial transmission assessment of trabecular bone at distal radius using guided waves

“…Each propagating mode interacts differently with the mechanical and geometrical aspects of the waveguide, and these multi-modal characteristics can be considered the main advantage of the method, once the sensitivity of the analysis can be improved through the selection of a desired group of modes in order to interrogate a specific region/parameter of the bone structure. Recent studies based on ultrasonic guided waves already showed considerable evidence that the multi-modal approach is more comprehensive and sensitive when compared to single velocity analysis [7,8].…”

High-Resolution Imaging of Dispersive Ultrasonic Guided Waves in Human Long Bones Using Regularized Radon Transforms

“…Compared to X-ray based diagnostic imaging modalities, ultrasound is cost-effective, non-ionizing, and lack of hazardous bioeffects. In the context of osteoporosis diagnosis, some preliminary studies have shown the ability of ultrasonic guided waves propagating in cortical bone to assess cortical thinning [1,2]. Quantitative guided-wave ultrasonography (QGWU) is promising to evaluate skeletal quality because guided-wave generation and propagation are sensitive to the cortical thickness and bone elastic properties.…”