Identificação de territórios de vulnerabilidade social para construção de cidade saudável, em Cascalho Rico - MG

Abstract

Health is a transdisciplinary theme, broad, unique of its own time and therefore difficult to conceptualize. In the theoretical field, it has long ceased to be understood as an individual biological condition, and has become linked to the social, economic and environmental features that condition the health of the populations. For example, social vulnerabilities affect health and quality of life. To comprehend the health situation of the population is to understand their determinations, identifying in the territory the contexts of living at the place where they live. The objective of this research was to map the social vulnerability in the city of Cascalho Rico MG to support preventive health programs and the construction of healthy enviroment. Using indicators and index that represent individual, social and programmatic aspects of social vulnerability, taking into account the manifold dimensions of a population life context, such as family income, sociodemography, education, health, housing conditions and the surroundings (neighborhood). Index is an aggregated of values that aim to sumarize a situation from some indicadors. We propose three indexes, the Population Vulnerability Index (IVP), the Local Vulnerability Index (IVL) and the Territory Vulnerability Index (IVT), built from 37 indicators, with data from the ESUS AB of the micro areas of the Cascalho Rico Family Health Unit, which covers 100% of the urban area to support the understanding of the situation and promote health in the city. The results show that the territories with the greatest vulnerability of the population are also those with the greatest vulnerability of the local which constitute territories of social vulnerability. The mapping of these territories of social vulnerability can support health promotion policies and the construction of healthy territories, to improve the health situation and the quality of life of the population.