“…and Carapichea ipecacuanha for disease treatment (Sandwith et al, 1914;Kurian and Sankar, 2007;Alencar et al, 2010;Medeiros et al, 2010). According to Medeiros et al (2010) and Medeiros and Albuquerque (2012), nineteenth-century prescriptions from chemists and pharmacies in the monasteries of São Bento from Rio de Janeiro (State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil) and Olinda (Pernambuco, Brazil) described quina as an antidiarrheal and febrifuge and ipecac as an emetic and expectorant. Historically, these plants were initially used by indigenous populations, and have since been used in Europe and other parts of the world (Sandwith et al, 1914;Ortiz Crespo, 1994); therefore, there has been substantial overuse of these species throughout time (Assis and Giulietti, 1999) from pharmaceutical companies (Brandão et al, 2008).…”