ICP-MS measurements of elemental release from two palladium alloys into a corrosion testing medium for different solution volumes and agitation conditions

Tüfekçi, Eser; Mitchell, John C.; Olesik, John W.; Brantley, William A.; Johnston, William M.

doi:10.1016/j.prosdent.2020.12.038

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…While the Pd–Ag alloys have a record of excellent clinical performance over the past three decades, there have been concerns about “palladium allergy” for some dental patients arising from the release of Pd ions, and Berzins, Kawashima, Graves, and Sarkar 32 proposed that Pd alloys containing approximately ≥5 wt% Ag undergo dealloying in the oral environment and have a surface region enriched in Ag, with the formation of an AgCl film that prevents or suppresses migration of palladium ions from the alloy into oral fluids. ICP/MS measurements have shown that Pd release into a corrosion testing medium from high‐Pd alloys and the Super Star Pd–Ag alloy 33,34 is small, although release of all elements (other than gold) in the alloy compositions is detected. Elemental release from other Pd–Ag alloys are expected to be similar to Super Star because of compositional and microstructural similarities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy study of corrosion characteristics of palladium–silver dental alloys

et al. 2021

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Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) has been used to obtain insight into corrosion processes for three Pd–Ag alloys, and compare their behavior with an Au–Pd alloy. Five specimens of each alloy received clinically‐appropriate simulated porcelain‐firing heat treatment. EIS testing was performed at ambient temperature, using 0.09% NaCl, 0.9% NaCl and Fusayama solutions. EIS data are presented as Bode plots. At the open‐circuit potential (OCP), the data fit a modified Randles equivalent electrical circuit with a constant phase element (CPE), and the charge‐transfer resistance (RCT) and the two CPE parameters (CPE‐T and CPE‐P) were determined. The area‐normalized capacitance of the double layer (Cdl) was also calculated. The EIS data at two relevant elevated potentials in the passive range were also found to fit well a modified Randles equivalent circuit with different values for the charge transfer resistance and CPE parameters. At the OCP no significant effect on RCT was found for the alloys and electrolytes, and both alloy and electrolyte significantly affected CPE‐P. In vitro corrosion was controlled by charge transfer and charge accumulation processes, and the behavior differed at the elevated potentials compared to the OCP. Significant effects were found for alloy, electrolyte, and alloy/electrolyte interaction on Cdl at the OCP. The EIS parameters at elevated potentials indicate that the Pd–Ag alloys should have satisfactory clinical corrosion resistance. The EIS analyses yielded information about in vitro corrosion of these alloys that cannot be obtained from potentiodynamic polarization testing.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%