Ichnological characteristics of Late Cretaceous hemipelagic and pelagic sediments in a submarine high around the OAE-2 event: A case from the Rybie section, Polish Carpathians

Uchman, Alfred; Rodríguez‐Tovar, Francisco J.; Machaniec, Elżbieta; Kędzierski, Mariusz

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2012.12.013

Cited by 39 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The deepest tier is thus represented by Trichichnus simplex, the deep to intermediate tier by Chondrites, and the shallow tier by mobile deposit-feeders represented by Lamellaeichnus imbricatus and Palaeophycus (and less frequent Planolites). This tiering pattern and crosscutting relations are similar to those in the spotted facies in the Lower Toarcian Fuente de la Vidriera section in the Betic Cordillera (Rodríguez-Tovar & Uchman 2010) and in Cenomanian-Turonian hemipelagic sediments in the Polish Carpathians (Uchman et al 2013). The presence of wall-lined Palaeophycus points to softground conditions, but the boundaries between shallow-tier burrows of Lamellaeichnus and sediment are sharp, implying a relatively stiff sediment consistency in the upper tiers (Wetzel & Uchman 1998).…”

Section: Ichnofabric and Tiering Patternssupporting

confidence: 73%

Trace-fossil assemblages with a new ichnogenus in “spotted”

Šimo¹,

Tomášových²

2013

Geologica Carpathica

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Highly-bioturbated “spotted” limestones and marls (Fleckenmergel-Fleckenkalk facies) of the Early Jurassic, which were deposited in broad and recurrent deep-shelf habitats of the Northern Tethys, are characterized by rare benthic carbonate-producing macroinvertebrates. To address this paradox, we analyse trace-fossil assemblages in a ~85 m-thick succession of Pliensbachian spotted deposits (Zliechov Basin, Western Carpathians). They are dominated by infaunal and semi-infaunal deposit-feeders, with 9 ichnogenera and pyritized tubes of the semi-infaunal foraminifer Bathysiphon, being dominated by Chondrites, Lamellaeichnus (new ichnogenus), and Teichichnus. Lamellaeichnus, represented by a horizontal basal cylindrical burrow and an upper row of stacked convex-up gutters, was produced by a mobile deposit-feeder inhabiting shallow tiers because it is crossed by most other trace fossils. We show that the spotty appearance of the deposits is generated by a mixture of (1) dark, organic-rich shallow- and deep-tier traces (TOC = 0.16-0.36), and (2) light grey, organic-poor mottled or structurless sediment (TOC = 0.09-0.22). The higher TOC in shallow-tier burrows of Lamellaeichnus demonstrates that uppermost sediment layers were affected by poor redox cycling. Such conditions imply a limited mixed-layer depth and inefficient nutrient recycling conditioned by hypoxic bottom-waters, allowed by poor circulation and high sedimentation rates in depocenters of the Zliechov Basin. Hypoxic conditions are further supported by (1) dominance of trace-fossils produced by infaunal deposit feeders, (2) high abundance of hypoxiatolerant agglutinated foraminifer Bathysiphon, and (3) high abundance of Chondrites with ~0.5 mm-sized branches. Oxygen-deficient bottom-conditions can thus simultaneously explain the rarity of benthic carbonate-producing macroinvertebrates and high standing abundance of tolerant soft-shell and agglutinated organisms in spotted deposits.

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Section: Ichnofabric and Tiering Patternssupporting

confidence: 73%

Trace-fossil assemblages with a new ichnogenus in “spotted”

Šimo¹,

Tomášových²

2013

Geologica Carpathica

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“…According to Keighley and Pickerill (1994), Beaconites is walled, Taenidium is not. For this reason, the studied structure is attributed to Taenidium, which is typically documented from continental environments but appears also in marine settings (Uchman et al, 2013;Buatois and Mángano, 2011).…”

Section: Taenidium Ispmentioning

confidence: 96%

Behaviors mapped by new geographies: Ichnonetwork analysis of the Val Dolce Formation (lower Permian; Italy-Austria)

et al. 2015

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The Pramollo Basin (Italy-Austria) is one of the richest body and trace fossil sites of the Alps, and exhibits a well-preserved Permian-Carboniferous fluvio-deltaic to marginalmarine sedimentary succession. Despite the exceptionally abundant and well-preserved ichnological heritage, the trace fossils of the Pramollo Basin are not well studied, particularly those of Permian units.This study focuses on the ichnofauna of the Val Dolce Formation (Permian; partly Asselian to partly Sakmarian), with the goal of documenting its ichnological heritage and reconstructing its paleoenvironment. These research questions are addressed by applying network theory, an emerging field of complexity science that focuses on web-like systems made of interconnected entities. An ichnological system can be seen as a set of interlinked ichnotaxa, the topology of which depends on the organism-environment interactions. In addition, traditional paleontological and sedimentological observations are used to reconstruct the paleoenvironment.The following ichnotaxa are documented from the Val Dolce Formation: Archaeo nassa isp., Curvolithus simplex, Cylin drichnus isp., Helminthoidichnites tenuis, Nereites missouri ensis, Planolites isp., Phymato derma isp., Pramollichnus pastae, Psammichnites plummeri, Taenidium isp., and Zoophycos isp. Network analysis indicates that the Val Dolce ichnological system is structured, with ichnotaxa organized in environment-driven ichnoassociations: Cylindrichnus-Planolites (proximal delta front), Phymatoderma-Zoophycos (prodelta with dysoxic porewaters), Cylindrichnus-Helminthoidichnites-Curvolithus-Zoophycos (distal delta front-proximal prodelta), andHelminthoidichnites-Taenidium -Curvolithus-Nereites-Zoophycos (prodelta). Furthermore, the delta front-prodelta gradient is accompanied by increasing bioturbation intensity and diversity, reflecting the decreasing intensity of major environmental stressors (hydrodynamics, freshwater input, tur bidity). Centrality measures of network analysis allow the topological position of traces to be discerned within the studied system, detecting the paleoenvironmental resolution of individual ichnotaxa.As intersections of sets can be described by networks, the studied ichnoassociations can be considered as occupying intersecting behavioral niches. In analogy with the concept of a Hutchinsonian niche, an ichnotaxon's niche exists in a multidimensional abstract space defined by environmental parameters, which are expressed as spatial variables in the paleolandscape. Consequently, ichnoassociations are not just association patterns, but represent spatial, environmental, and topological entities. This approach allows the reconstitution of spatial relationships between the geographical ranges of ichnotaxa and ichnoassociations, providing information on the physical arrangement of different subenvironments, that is, the structure of the paleoenvironment.

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“…Major factors determining ichnological features (i.e., abundance, composition and diversity of trace fossil assemblages) in a deep-sea setting are food availability, bottom and pore-water oxygenation, substrate consistency, and rate of sedimentation (Wetzel, 1991;Uchman et al, 2008Uchman et al, , 2013aRodríguez-Tovar et al, 2009a, b;Rodríguez-Tovar and Uchman, 2010;Uchman and Wetzel, 2011;Wetzel and Uchman, 2012;Rodríguez-Tovar and Reolid, 2013;Rodríguez-Tovar and Dorador, 2014 , 1984;Ekdale, 1992;Schlirf, 2000), and Planolites, an actively filled burrow, is interpreted as a pascichnion in shallow tiers (see Pemberton and Frey, 1982;Keighley and Pickerill, 1995 the latter is interpreted as a shallow tier, pascichnia structure, in deep-marine, low energetic, oxygenated, environments (Uchman, 1995;Mángano et al, 2002;Wetzel, 2002;Löwemark et al, 2012), associated with increase food flux, feeding on microbes that occurs in high concentrations (Wetzel, 2002;Löwemark et al, 2012). tracemaker (see Löwemark and Werner, 2001;Bromley andHanken, 2003, Löwemark andSchäfer, 2003;Löwemark et al, 2004;Löwemark, 2015).…”

Section: Facies Distribution and Trace Fossil Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%