Ice/metal interfaces: fracture energy and fractography

Wei, Yingchang; Adamson, Robert; Dempsey, J. P.

doi:10.1007/bf00352894

Cited by 40 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The mean critical energy release rate was G c = 0.04 ± 0.02 J m −2 . The findings on metal-ice interfaces showed that even for large changes in E 1 /E 2 only slight changes in G c occurred (Wei et al, 1996). Since for our samples, the difference of the elastic modulus between the two adjacent layers was relatively small, typically not larger than a factor of two, and the scatter due to the inhomogeneity of the snow and/or due to the experimental method was large, a possible trend might be hidden.…”

Section: Critical Energy Release Ratementioning

confidence: 75%

“…Interfacial fracture mechanics is of importance in many research areas dealing with modern materials such as laminates, fibres and composites. It has also been applied to study natural processes, for example, the icing of electrical transmission cables leading to ice/metal interfaces (Wei et al, 1996). Since snow is a layered material and the layering is a precondition for slab avalanche release, it is essential to test layered samples in mode II.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The energy release rate of mode II fractures in layered snow samples

et al. 2006

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Before a dry snow slab avalanche is released, a shear failure along a weak layer or an interface has to take place. This shear failure disconnects the overlaying slab from the weak layer. A better understanding of this fracture mechanical process, which is a key process in slab avalanche release, is essential for more accurate snow slope stability models. The purpose of this work was to design and to test an experimental set-up for a mode II fracture test with layered snow samples and to find a method to evaluate the interfacial fracture toughness or alternatively the energy release rate in mode II. Beam-shaped specimens were cut out of the layered snow cover, so that they consisted of two homogeneous snow layers separated by a well defined interface. In the cold laboratory 27 specimens were tested using a simple cantilever beam test. The test method proved to be applicable in the laboratory, although the handling of layered samples was delicate. An energy release rate for snow in mode II was calculated numerically with a finite element (FE) model and analytically using an approach for a deeply cracked cantilever beam. An analytical bilayer approach was not suitable. The critical energy release rate G c was found to be 0.04 ± 0.02 J m −2 . It was primarily a material property of the weak layer and did not depend on the elastic properties of the two adjacent snow layers. The mixed mode interfacial fracture toughness for a shear fracture along a weak layer estimated from the critical energy release rate was substantially lower than the mode I fracture toughness found for snow of similar density.

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Section: Critical Energy Release Ratementioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The energy release rate of mode II fractures in layered snow samples

et al. 2006

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“…The sign and magnitude of y are of particular significance in determining whether a propagating crack can extend along the interface or kink into one of the composite constituents [101]. Obviously, performing standard shear, tensile, or impact tests is not sufficient to characterize the failure of ice/solid interfaces.…”

Section: Determining the Fracture Energy Of Interfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Analytical results [22] show that the fracture energy G f increases monotonically when the relative upper beam thickness h x jh 2 increases and decreases when the relative modulus of the lower layer E 2 /E x increases. Also, it should be noted that the fracture energy of ice/metal interfaces is affected by the ice type and the procedure of ice formation on substrate [101].…”

Section: Determining the Fracture Energy Of Interfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further work is necessary to accurately model the effects of the parameters used to bond the adhesive (ice) and aluminium surface. In this work we considered that the mechanical properties of interface for different thickness of ice are the same, while the works of Wei et al [101] show that the fracture energy G f increases monotonically when the relative upper beam thickness h ice /h substrate increases. Some recommendations involving the present model may be listed as follows:…”

Section: Recommendations and Future Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

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