Ice-Disintegration Features in Western Canada

Gravenor, C. P.; Kupsch, W. O.

doi:10.1086/626557

Cited by 197 publications

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“…2A). Gravenor and Kupsch (1959) summarized the characteristics of these features, including the forms reported in this paper, based upon initial mapping and ground-based studies (cf. Flint, 1928;Sproule, 1939;Deane, 1950;Colton, 1955), describing them as till-cored, straight or slightly arcuate, and intersecting at acute or right angles to form waffle, diamond, or box patterns, with some intersections displaying a resemblance to hairpins or wishbones.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Crevasse-squeeze Ridge (Csr) Corridorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Flint, 1928;Sproule, 1939;Deane, 1950;Colton, 1955), describing them as till-cored, straight or slightly arcuate, and intersecting at acute or right angles to form waffle, diamond, or box patterns, with some intersections displaying a resemblance to hairpins or wishbones. These characteristics were used by Gravenor and Kupsch (1959) to link them to controlled disintegration, whereby ice structures dictated the accumulation of diamictic sediment; hence they became known as linear disintegration ridges. The spatial patterns and regional distributions of these ridge networks have more recently been employed by Evans et al ( , 2008Evans et al ( , 2014 to propose that they originate by the squeezing of subglacial till into basal crevasses formed during glacier surging, as identified on modern surging glaciers ( Fig.…”

Section: Characteristics Of Crevasse-squeeze Ridge (Csr) Corridorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, preservation potential might be significant here. In explaining their linear disintegration ridges, Gravenor and Kupsch (1959) proposed a combination of top down infill (stratified sediment ridges; Flint, 1928) and bottom up infill (till squeezing; Hoppe, 1952). As the pattern of crevasse opening at an ice stream shear margin would be similar in basal and surface locations, the pattern of geometrical ridge networks would also be similar once let down onto the glacier bed, albeit with supraglacial ridges superimposed on subglacial ridges unless full depth crevassing had prevailed.…”

Section: Interpretation Of the Saskatchewan Csr Corridormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crevasse-squeeze ridge corridors: Diagnostic features of late-stage palaeo-ice stream activity

2016

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Section: Characteristics Of Crevasse-squeeze Ridge (Csr) Corridorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characteristics Of Crevasse-squeeze Ridge (Csr) Corridorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interpretation Of the Saskatchewan Csr Corridormentioning

confidence: 99%

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Crevasse-squeeze ridge corridors: Diagnostic features of late-stage palaeo-ice stream activity

2016

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“…2). Pleistocene features, which are not ice-cored but similar to these in form, have been aptly described by Gravenor and Kupsch (1959) as ''controlled" and "uncontrolled" forms, respectively. An explanation of the origin of "controlled" and "uncontrolled" ice-cored moraines in Spitsbergen is provided by the observations on Dunerbreen. Between D and F in Figure 2, moraine ridges are strongly "controlled", lying parallel to the glacier front with maximum thicknesses of till lying in the furrows between ridges.…”

Section: "Controlled" and "Uncontrolled" Moraine Formsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flow Tills and Related Deposits on Some Vestspitsbergen Glaciers

Boulton¹

1968

J. Glaciol.

121

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ABSTRACT. Three outlet glaciers of the highland ice of Ny Friesland are described, in which englacial debris, derived from the glacier bed. occurs in thick bands which dip steeply up-glacier. As the glacier wastes down this debris is released on the surface to form thick supraglacia) tills, which may remain on the glacier surface, or flow down it and onto bedded deposits which fringe the glacier in the proglacial zone. A frequent result of this latter process is the production of multi-till sequences which result from a single glacier retreat phase rather than multiple advance and retreat. The sedimentological features and fabrics of cnglacial debris bands and flow tills are described, and a mechanism for the formation of "controlled" arid "uncontrolled" hummocky moraine is suggested. Many flow tills are identical to the compact fine-grained tills common in lowland glacial deposits of Pleistocene age in Europe and North America, and it is suggested that some of the latter could be (low tills. RESUME. Depots glaciaires consolides d'hotdemeni et depots apparenle's stir quelques glaciers in Vesispitsbergen.Trois glaciers d'tjcoulement de la calotte glaciaire de Ny Friesland sont decrits, dans lesquels des debris intraglaciaires provenant du lit sont disposes en bandes epaisses plongeant abruptement vers l'amont. Comtne le glacier s'abaisse, ces debris apparaissent a la surface pour y former d'epais depots supraglaciaires. qui peuvent ou bien y rester oil alors s'ecouler sur des depots marginaux de la zone proglaciaire. Le resultat frequent de ce dernier processus est une sequence de nervurcs qui resultenl plutol d'uri seul retrait du glacier que d'avanccs et retraits multiples. On decrit les traits et la structure sedimentologiques des bandes de debris intraglaciaires et des nervures; on suggere un mecanisme de formation de moraine a mammelons "controlee" et "non controlee". De nombrcux depots ont l'aspcct compact et le grain fin communs aux depots glaciaires du pleistocene des plaines de FEurope et de I'Amerique du \ord. On suggere que certains de ceux-ci pourraient etre des depots glaciaires consolides. ZUSAMMKNFASSUNG. Fliessgeschiebe und verwandte Ablagerungen auf einigen Glelschem in Vesispitsbergen.Drei aus dem Hochlandeis von Ny Friesland abfliessende Gletscher werden beschrieben. deren aus dem Gletscherbett aufgenommene Innenmorane in dicken. steil gletscheraufwarts einfallenden Bandern auurilt. Mit dem Ahtauen des Gletsehers wird dieser Schutl auf der Obnrilache frei und hildet dort machlige Gcschicbc, die auf der Glctscheroberfliichc blciben oder von ihr auf geschiehtt tc Ablagcrungcn im Gletsehervorfeld abfliessen. Ein haufiges Ergebnis des letzteren Vorgangs ist die Entstehung eines vielschichtigen Geschiebemergels, der eher von einer einzigen Rtlckgangsphase herstammt als von mehrfachen Vorstossen und Ruckziigen des Gletschers. Die sedimentologischen Erscheinungen und Strukturen der Bander aus Innenmorane und der Fliessgeschiebe werden beschrieben und der Vorgang der Bildung "kontrollicrtcr" und "unkon...

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“…The landform across the ranch is hummocky moraine consisting of calcareous parent material deposited over underlying marine shales (Gravenor and Kupsch 1959). There are strong effects of topography and aspect on soils across the landscape.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cattle herbage utilization patterns under high-density rotational grazing in the Aspen Parkland

Asamoah¹,

Bork²,

Irving³

et al. 2003

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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. 2003. Cattle herbage utilization patterns under highdensity rotational grazing in the Aspen Parkland. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 83: 541-550. Native Aspen Parkland landscapes consist of a complex mosaic of plant communities, including riparian meadows, upland grasslands, and forests. Sustainable livestock production in this environment depends on an understanding of livestock grazing behavior among communities, particularly under contemporary, intensive management rotational grazing systems. This study examined seasonal patterns of absolute (kg . ha -1 ) and relative (%) herbage utilization, as well as plant community visitation, across a Parkland landscape by 150 heifers in two rotations of a high-intensity, low-frequency grazing system. Graminoids constituted more than 92% of the total herbage utilized. Absolute graminoid utilization within each grazing period was greater (P < 0.05) throughout the growing season from riparian meadows (2003 to 2114 kg . ha -1 ) than from upland grasslands (762 to 1041 kg . ha -1 ) or forests (782 to 800 kg . ha -1 ). In contrast, relative graminoid utilization remained similar (P > 0.05) among communities in either rotation, suggesting heifers grazed in proportion to graminoid availability (57-61% in first rotation, 44-54% in second rotation). Although riparian meadows represented a small fraction of the landscape (~ 4%), and provided up to 9.5% of the total forage used, the majority of herbage removal at the paddock level continued to originate from upland grasslands and forests. Patterns of visitation indicated heifers initially visited riparian meadows more often within each 3-4 day grazing period, regardless of entry date. While upland grasslands were least visited in June, forests were least visited in August. Based on these utilization and visitation patterns, we discuss the implications of using high-density, rotational livestock grazing for the sustainable management of Aspen Parkland rangelands. Les prairies-parcs de trembles naturelles consistent en une mosaïque complexe de peuplements végétaux comprenant des prés riverains, des prairies sèches et des forêts. Élever du bétail de façon durable dans un tel environnement exige une solide connaissance du comportement des animaux qui se nourrissent des divers peuplements végétaux, surtout avec les régimes contemporains de gestion intensive des pâturages par rotation. L'étude portait sur des programmes saisonniers d'utilisation absolue (kg par hectare) ou relative (%) d'herbages et sur la fréquentation des écotypes par 150 génisses dans une région de prairies-parcs, en deux rotations, dans le cadre d'un régime de paissance à faible fréquence et à densité élevée. Les graminoïdes représentaient plus de 92 % des herbages consommés. Pendant la période végétative, les animaux ont consommé une plus grande quantité absolue (P < 0,05) de graminoïdes dans les prés riverains (de 2 003 à 2 114 kg par hectare) que dans les prairies sèches (de 762 à 1 041 kg par hectare) ou les forêts (de 782 à 800 kg par hectare) durant chaque période de pai...

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Ice-Disintegration Features in Western Canada

Cited by 197 publications

References 0 publications

Crevasse-squeeze ridge corridors: Diagnostic features of late-stage palaeo-ice stream activity

Crevasse-squeeze ridge corridors: Diagnostic features of late-stage palaeo-ice stream activity

Flow Tills and Related Deposits on Some Vestspitsbergen Glaciers

Cattle herbage utilization patterns under high-density rotational grazing in the Aspen Parkland

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