ICD-11 and gender incongruence of childhood: a rethink is needed

Ehrensaft, Diane; Telfer, Michelle; T’Sjoen, Guy; Koh, Jun Sung; Pickstone-Taylor, Simon; Kruger, A L; Griffin, Lisa; Foigel, Maya; Cuypere, Griet De; Karasic, Dan H.

doi:10.1016/s2352-4642(19)30263-9

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Over the last few years, the demand of depathologizing gender diversity in childhood and adolescence has achieved an increased relevance in trans depathologization activism [1,2,28,30,33,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][122][123][124][125], including the following demands: (1) removal of the diagnostic classification of gender diversity in childhood from DSM and ICD; (2) support to gender diversity in childhood and adolescence in the family, social, school, and health care context; and (3) legal gender recognition for children and adolescents.…”

Section: Depathologization Of Gender Diversity In Childhood and Adolementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the diagnostic classification of gender diversity in childhood, various international and regional activist networks published declarations demanding the removal of the diagnostic code "Gender incongruence of childhood" from ICD, and trans authors and allies contributed critical theoretical reflections on the diagnostic classification of gender diversity in childhood in the DSM and ICD [1,2,28,30,33,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61], preceded by critical reflections elaborated over the last decades [20,21]. This demand also received the support of clinicians and researchers [62] and European bodies [90,91].…”

Section: Depathologization Of Gender Diversity In Childhood and Adolementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the main arguments in favor of removing the diagnostic code, trans authors and allies highlight the lack of clinical utility, the Western character of a conceptualization of gender diversity in childhood as a problem that requires health care, the potential stigmatizing effect, and a contradiction between a removal of diagnostic codes related to sexual orientation and the maintenance of the Gender Incongruence of Childhood code [1,2,20,21,28,30,33,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62]. Furthermore, the critical discourses counter reasons contributed by the defenders of the diagnosis [126,127], arguing that a specific diagnosis for gender diverse children is not necessary for covering psychological support, justifying access to puberty blockers, or promoting research and training [1,2,20,21,28,30,33,[54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62].…”

Section: Depathologization Of Gender Diversity In Childhood and Adolementioning

confidence: 99%

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Trans health care from a depathologization and human rights perspective

Schwend

2020

Public Health Rev

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Trans people are exposed to multiple human right violations in clinical practice and research. From 1975 on, gender transition processes have been classified as a mental disorder in diagnostic classification manuals, a classification that was removed recently from ICD, International Classification of Diseases, and continues in DSM, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Trans people in different world regions are forced to accept psychiatric diagnoses and assessment in order to get access to trans health care, subject to reparative therapies and exposed to transphobic institutional and social discrimination and violence. In many countries, gender identity laws include medical requirements, such as psychiatric diagnosis, hormone treatment, genital surgery, or sterilization. In the scientific literature, a frequent pathologization of trans experiences can be identified, by means of pathologizing conceptualizations, terminologies, visual representations, and practices, as well as ethnocentric biases. Trans activism and scholarship have questioned widely the pathologization of trans people in clinical practice and research. Over the last decade, an international trans depathologization movement emerged, demanding, among other claims, the removal of the diagnostic classification of transexuality as a mental disorder, as well as changes in the health care and legal context. International and regional bodies built up a human rights framework related to sexual, gender and bodily diversity that constitute a relevant reference point for trans depathologization activism. The Yogyakarta Principles, published in 2007 and extended in 2017 by means of the Yogyakarta Principles plus 10, establish an application of international human rights law in relation to sexual orientation, gender expression, gender identity, and sex characteristics. International and regional human rights bodies included demands related to depathologization in their agenda. More recently, advancements towards trans depathologization can be observed in the diagnostic classifications, as well as in the health care and legal context. At the same time, trans people continue being exposed to pathologization and transphobic violence. The Human Rights in Patient Care (HRPC) framework offers a human right-based approach on health care practices. The paper aims at analyzing the shared human rights focus and potential alliances between the trans depathologization perspective and the HRPC framework.

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Section: Depathologization Of Gender Diversity In Childhood and Adolementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Depathologization Of Gender Diversity In Childhood and Adolementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Depathologization Of Gender Diversity In Childhood and Adolementioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Trans health care from a depathologization and human rights perspective

Schwend

2020

Public Health Rev

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“…Como fruto dessas reinvindicações uma grande mudança ocorreu a partir da décima primeira edição da Classificação Internacional de Doenças (CID-11), o que era encontrado nas edições anteriores nos capítulos de "Transtornos Mentais", a partir dessa edição passou a constar no capítulo de "Condições Relacionadas à Saúde Sexual" como diagnóstico de incongruência de gênero (Winter, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

O panorama da rede assistencial do processo transexualizador no Brasil de 2008-2022

Freitas,

Rodrigues,

Vanderlei Neto

et al. 2024

RSD

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Introdução: O processo transexualizador, que sempre existiu ao longo da história da humanidade, é atualmente oferecido através do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) no Brasil, a todos os cidadãos de forma gratuita. Isto se dá pelo entendimento de que tal procedimento é uma medida essencial para saúde pública dessa parcela da população. Para além de procedimentos cirúrgicos, hormonais ou ambulatoriais, trata-se da saúde mental e integridade de uma parcela da população brasileira. Objetivo: Quantificar o número de procedimentos e atendimentos ambulatoriais prestados pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), bem como a prevalência destes ao longo dos anos – desde quando começou a ser ofertado em 2008 até 2022, e comparar os resultados de acordo com as macrorregiões do país. Metodologia: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico misto, realizado por meio da consulta aos dados do Sistema de Informações Ambulatoriais do Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde do Brasil (DATASUS). A população de estudo foi composta por todos os procedimentos e atendimentos ambulatoriais prestados a pessoas transexuais de acordo com a temporalidade e as macrorregiões. Resultados: Durante o período de 2008 a 2022, foram observados no Brasil 85.889 procedimentos envolvendo a população supracitada. As regiões Sul e Sudeste notificaram um maior número de atendimentos e procedimentos ambulatoriais, contrapondo-se a região Norte, que não apresentou nenhum dado durante o período analisado. Conclusão: Faz-se necessário mais produções científicas sobre esse assunto, a fim de aumentar a visibilidade e interesse dos profissionais da área da saúde sobre esse tema.

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“…Despite this important change, a wide range of healthcare providers, researchers and trans community organisations have voiced misgivings about the diagnosis "gender incongruence of childhood" (WHO 2018), the ICD-11 diagnosis currently uses for gender-diverse children who have not yet reached puberty(Winter et al 2019;Cabral Grinspan et al 2016). Clinical researchers and trans activists argue that the diagnosis pathologises the experiences of children who are merely exploring, embracing, and expressing gender diversity(Ehrensaft et al 2018).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Affective Life of Trans Studies as a Political Field in Academia and Activism

Nay

2023

SQS

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ICD-11 and gender incongruence of childhood: a rethink is needed

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Trans health care from a depathologization and human rights perspective

Trans health care from a depathologization and human rights perspective

O panorama da rede assistencial do processo transexualizador no Brasil de 2008-2022

The Affective Life of Trans Studies as a Political Field in Academia and Activism

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