IC₅₀ Evaluation of Platinum Nanocatalysts for Cancer Treatment in Fibroblast, HeLa, and DU-145 Cell Lines

Abstract

Cancer is a major public health problem being one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality today. Recent advances in catalytic nanomedicine have offered new cancer therapies based on the administration of nanoparticles (NPs) of platinum (Pt) dispersed in catalytic mesoporous nanomaterials (titania, TiO 2 ) with highly selective cytotoxic properties and no adverse effects. A half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) study was carried out in cancerous cell lines (HeLa, DU-145, and fibroblasts) to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of different nanomaterials [Pt/TiO 2 , TiO 2 , and Pt(acac) 2 ] synthesized by the sol–gel method at concentrations 0–1000 μg/mL. The assays showed that IC 50 values for Pt in functionalized TiO 2 (NPt) in HeLa (53.74 ± 2.95 μg/mL) and DU-145 (75.07 ± 5.48 μg/mL) were lower than those of pure TiO 2 (74.29 ± 8.95 and 82.02 ± 6.03 μg/mL, respectively). Pt(acac) 2 exhibited no cytotoxicity. Normal cells (fibroblasts) treated with NPt exhibited no significant growth inhibition, suggesting the high selectivity of the compound for cancerous cells only. TiO 2 and NPt were identified as antineoplastic compounds in vitro . Pt(acac) 2 is not recommendable because of the low cytotoxicity observed.

Phototoxic Potential of Different DNA Intercalators for Skin Cancer Therapy: In Vitro Screening

“…The values of relative cell viability as a function of PS concentration allowed for the calculation of the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ) for the different chemicals tested. IC 50 is usually employed to evaluate a substance efficacy and the concentration able to inhibit cell growth [ 36 ]. The IC 50 values are displayed in Table 1 ; however, for some compounds, only a lower limit could be evaluated.…”

Exploration of a predictive model based on genes associated with fatty acid metabolism and clinical treatment for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

“…The results showed that docetaxel and gemcitabine exhibited higher IC50 values in the low‐risk groups. IC50 is the drug concentration that induces apoptosis in 50% of tumor cells, which can reflect the degree of drug resistance of tumor cells 36–38 . This result suggests that chemotherapeutic drug therapy may be more suitable for patients with high‐risk scores.…”

A Comprehensive Review on Antibacterial, Anti‐Inflammatory and Analgesic Properties of Noble Metal Nanoparticles

“…They claim that the cytotoxicity caused by the Pt NPs could be due to the release of Pt ions. [ 101 ] There is a report on a comparative study in which the cytotoxic effects of major three noble metal nanoparticles (Au NPs, Ag NPs, and Pt NPs) using zebrafish models were studied. It was confirmed that Pt NPs cause these models to hatch more slowly, have lower heart rates, and have less responsive skin to touch.…”