2011
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.10.033
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Ibudilast, a mixed PDE3/4 inhibitor, causes a selective and nitric oxide/cGMP-independent relaxation of the intracranial vertebrobasilar artery

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Cited by 11 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…IBU, an anti-inflammatory drug firstly developed to treat asthma, is a cyclic nucleotide PDE inhibitor, which mainly acts by increasing the amount of cAMP and cGMP, while downregulating the pro-inflammatory factors, such as TNFα, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) [ 68 , 69 ]. Pharmacologically, IBU may provide significantly prolonged time-to-first relapse and attenuate brain volume shrinkage in patients with relapsing-remitting and/or secondary progressive multiple sclerosis [ 70 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…IBU, an anti-inflammatory drug firstly developed to treat asthma, is a cyclic nucleotide PDE inhibitor, which mainly acts by increasing the amount of cAMP and cGMP, while downregulating the pro-inflammatory factors, such as TNFα, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) [ 68 , 69 ]. Pharmacologically, IBU may provide significantly prolonged time-to-first relapse and attenuate brain volume shrinkage in patients with relapsing-remitting and/or secondary progressive multiple sclerosis [ 70 ].…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…PDE3-induced vasorelaxation is potentiated when NO/cGMP is suppressed as PDE3 inhibition increases both cAMP and cGMP, in which cGMP inhibits cAMP degradation. PDE4 inhibition only increases cAMP and thus is unaffected by NO/cGMP suppression [23]. PDE3 seems to be more responsible for cAMP degradation at low intracellular cAMP concentrations, whereas PDE4 is more important for control of cAMP at higher concentrations [24].…”
Section: Pde3 and Pde4mentioning
confidence: 98%
“…Overexpression of nitric oxide synthase in both endothelial and airway epithelial cells resulted in diminished airway inflammation [22]. Under normal conditions of NO/cGMP signaling, PDE4, with a high Km for cAMP, is thought to degrade cAMP because PDE3 with a lower Km for cAMP is inhibited by endogenous cGMP and thus can increase cAMP [23]. PDE3-induced vasorelaxation is potentiated when NO/cGMP is suppressed as PDE3 inhibition increases both cAMP and cGMP, in which cGMP inhibits cAMP degradation.…”
Section: Pde3 and Pde4mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…As a phosphodiesterase inhibitor, IBU is able to maintain cyclic AMP levels and inhibit T-cell immune function 19 . Furthermore, IBU helps promote IL10 production, while simultaneously inhibiting the production of TNF α and NO 20 .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%