IBA and melatonin increase trigonelline and caffeine during the induction and initiation of adventitious roots in Coffea arabica L. cuttings

Abstract

Caffeine and trigonelline are found in Coffea arabica, and show antioxidant roles and growth and development functions. However, there are no reports on trigonelline and caffeine in relation to coffee rooting. The aim was to evaluate the impact of application of indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) and melatonin on caffeine and trigonelline at different stages of adventitious rooting in cuttings. In addition, to study the correlation between these metabolites and H2O2, phenols, and antioxidant enzymes. Four treatments (Control, melatonin 21 µM (M21), melatonin 43 µM (M43), and IBA 7380 µM (IBA)) were used, with four replications. The growth and biochemical parameters of the antioxidant system were performed in induction, initiation, and extension rooting stages. Higher concentrations of trigonelline and caffeine quantified in the induction and initiation stages were positively correlated with higher percentage of rooted cuttings. Trigonelline and caffeine were positively correlated with H2O2 in all stages of development of adventitious roots. The correlations of trigoneline and caffeine with phenols and antioxidant enzymes reveal different profiles, depending on the phases. The results indicate that IBA and melatonin increase trigonelline and caffeine during the induction and initiation of adventitious roots in Coffea arabica cuttings, which is correlated with a higher percentage of rooted cuttings.

Plant growth regulators improve the growth and physiology of transplanted Thalassia Hemprichii fragments

“…Studies have shown that the application of PGRs such as IAA, GA 3 , and PP 333 promotes root development in plants (Yoon et al, 2021). For example, the application of PGRs to plant cuttings during cutting promotes the production of adventitious roots (Balestri and Lardicci, 2006;de Andrade et al, 2023). However, we did not observe similar adventitious root production near the cuttings of severed T. hemprichii rhizomes, regardless of whether PGR application.…”

“…Additionally, the presence of RA had a significant effect on antioxidant enzyme activities and MDA content of T. hemprichii tissues (leaves and roots) (p < 0.01; Supplementary Table S3), as well as soluble proteins and total phenol content (Supplementary Table S4). The RA is the most active site for seagrass root growth (de Battisti et al, 2021), where endogenous hormones such as growth hormones (e.g., IAA and GA 3 ) can be synthesized and transported through polar transport to the phloem distribution area of the plant to promote nutrient propagation and expand ecological niche space (Ewan et al, 2020). Therefore, TTFs with RA benefitted from the presence of endogenous hormones synthesized by RA and the absorption of exogenous PGRs through roots and leaves, resulting in a more significant effect on growth and physiological enhancement.…”