Iatrogenic Cutaneous Injuries in the Neonate

Forehead Pressure Necrosis in Neonates Following Continuous Positive Airway Pressure

“…Extravasation injuries in which intravenous fluid leaks into the subcutaneous tissues, causing necrosis and scarring, can occur in neonatal units, but the children in this case series did not have a history of intravenous lines near the site of their injury (6). Injections in scalp veins can result in extravasation injuries affecting the forehead, which has been reported in a child developing dermal calcification from intravenous calcium gluconate injection (2). Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn can present with erythematous plaques or subcutaneous nodules on the buttocks, thighs, arms, and trunk, although it mostly regresses spontaneously and occasionally leaves a scar (7).…”

“…Cellular infiltrates causing bullae and subsequent atrophy would be another cause. Additional forehead injuries could occur from perinatal trauma such as cuts from episiotomy scissors and scalpel blades, a misplaced scalp electrode, vacuum extraction, and forceps delivery (2). Anetoderma of prematurity has been described in premature infants (24–29 wks) much younger than those in our case series.…”

Iatrogenic Skin Disorders and Related Factors in Newborn Infants

“…Limited data are available concerning the prevalence of IEs and ISIs in this special patient population. Most review articles tend to summarize and describe the etiology of typical ISIs in NICUs .…”

Overview of Dermatologic Disorders of Neonates in a Central Regional Intensive Care Unit in Hungary

“…A survey of comprehensive investigations of dermatologic manifestations in preterms is lacking in the literature. The majority of the review articles summarize and describe the etiology of typical iatrogenic skin injuries in NICUs (e.g., thermal burns, chemical burns, light burns, scalp injuries, extravasation injuries, pressure ulcers, epidermal stripping) . Most of the articles available have reported on special skin injuries (e.g., extravasation injuries, pressure ulcers, burns).…”